Uveodermatologic syndrome in a Brazilian Fila dog

Abstract

A 5-year-old Brazilian Fila dog was presented with a history of vision loss, alopecia, and generalized depigmentation of the skin and hair. Clinical examination confirmed generalized depigmentation and pyodermitis. On ophthalmic examination there was depigmentation at the eyelid mucocutaneous junction, associated with anterior uveitis, and bilateral posterior synechia at 360 degrees. Both the complete blood count and skin scraping were normal. Skin biopsy showed histiocytary lichenoid interface dermatitis with an absence of pigment within the queratinocytes, and a moderate lymphomononuclear infiltrate and predominance of histiocytes in the papilar derma suggestive of uveodermatologic syndrome. Clinical management consisted of oral and topical administration of prednisone, associated with 1% indometacine eye drops. Methylprednisone was also used twice via the subconjunctival route, at an interval of 15 days. To prevent the development of secondary glaucoma due to posterior synechiae, dorzolamide and timolol eye drops were indicated. Both dermatologic and ophthalmic signs showed good improvement, vision was preserved, and some repigmentation of the skin and hair occurred.

Novel of chronic phase of Canine Uveodermatologic Syndrome (Vogt- Koyanagi-Harada-like syndrome)

“…Although bilateral granulomatous uveitis characterized by focal collection of epitheloid cells surrounded by the lymphocytes and pigment dispersion is the hallmark finding in UDS (2-5, 7, 14), in the presented cases the uveitis was non-granulomatous and it was characterized by infiltration of lymphocytes, moderate plasma cells and few histiocytes and absence of epitheloid histiocytes. This result is compatible with those of long standing human cases with non-granulomatous inflammation (1,5,8,9,11). In humans; chronic cases have been characterized by lymphocytic uveitis (8,9,11).…”

“…This result is compatible with those of long standing human cases with non-granulomatous inflammation (1,5,8,9,11). In humans; chronic cases have been characterized by lymphocytic uveitis (8,9,11). VKH syndrome has been well-documented in humans with clinical features and from the initial to end, 4 stages have been described namely; predromal, acute uveitic, convalescent and chronic phases (14).…”

“…The classical canine cases of the syndrome has been histologically characterized by non-necrotic granulomatous uveitis causing bilateral thickening of the uvea, scattered melanin pigment, bilateral involvement and relative absence of inflammatory changes in retina (2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(9)(10)(11)(12). The diagnosis of chronic form of VKH was based on lymphoplasmacytic uveitis, evidence of melanin containing macrophages, pigment clumping, pigment incontinence, depigmentation of epithelial cells and bilateral involvement of the eyes.…”

Unilateral Subconjunctival and Retrobulbar Hemorrhage Secondary to Brodifacoum Toxicity in a Dog

“…Clinical signs are hyphema and hemorrhage of nearly any aspect of the eye, including the uvea, vitreous, retina, subretinal space, conjunctiva, subconjunctival, and retrobulbar space. Periocular and intraocular hemorrhages are most commonly associated with uveitis or retinal detachment [1] caused by infectious diseases, including systemic fungal [2] and rickettsial diseases [3][4][5]; immune-mediated diseases such as uveodermatologic syndrome [6]; bleeding and vascular disorders such as hypertension [7,8], thrombocytopenia [9,10], anemia [11] and coagulopathy [1]; neoplasia [1,12]; diabetes mellitus [13]; and hyperviscosity syndrome from multiple myeloma [8,14] and polycythemia vera [8]. Additionally, persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous [15], retinal dysplasia, preiridal fibrovascular membrane formation [16], and blunt or penetrating trauma [1,17] can also cause intraocular hemorrhage.…”

Canine Secondary Glaucomas

“…The condition was first described in Akitas, although it has since been diagnosed in several other breeds. 30,[124][125][126][127] Akitas with a particular dog leukocyte antigen haplotype are thought to be at greater risk of developing the disease, suggesting an immunemediated pathogenesis. 128 UDS is characterized by a severe granulomatous anterior uveitis and chorioretinitis.…”