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Schreider, Sergei; Smith, D. I.; Jakeman, Anthony J.

doi:10.1023/a:1005621523177

Cited by 143 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Temperature-related climate extremes have been shown to be strongly related to human health (Patz et al 2005, Hayhoe et al 2010, Hondula et al 2014. Extreme precipitation events, which are projected to increase in a warming climate (Allen and Ingram 2002, O'Gorman and Schneider 2009, Min et al 2011a, cause disproportionate damage to urban transportation systems, and pose challenges to urban stormwater drainage systems (Schreider et al 2000, Rosenberg et al 2010, Mishra et al 2012a. In the recent past, flood disasters have affected many large urban areas including Bangkok (2011), Brisbane (2011), Guangdong (2007, Mumbai (2005), and Dresden (2002) (Liao 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in observed climate extremes in global urban areas

Mishra

Ganguly

Nijssen

et al. 2015

Environ. Res. Lett.

257

129

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Climate extremes have profound implications for urban infrastructure and human society, but studies of observed changes in climate extremes over the global urban areas are few, even though more than half of the global population now resides in urban areas. Here, using observed station data for 217 urban areas across the globe, we show that these urban areas have experienced significant increases (pvalue <0.05) in the number of heat waves during the period 1973-2012, while the frequency of cold waves has declined. Almost half of the urban areas experienced significant increases in the number of extreme hot days, while almost 2/3 showed significant increases in the frequency of extreme hot nights. Extreme windy days declined substantially during the last four decades with statistically significant declines in about 60% in the urban areas. Significant increases (p-value <0.05) in the frequency of daily precipitation extremes and in annual maximum precipitation occurred at smaller fractions (17 and 10% respectively) of the total urban areas, with about half as many urban areas showing statistically significant downtrends as uptrends. Changes in temperature and wind extremes, estimated as the result of a 40 year linear trend, differed for urban and non-urban pairs, while changes in indices of extreme precipitation showed no clear differentiation for urban and selected non-urban stations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in observed climate extremes in global urban areas

Mishra

Ganguly

Nijssen

et al. 2015

Environ. Res. Lett.

257

129

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Following Schreider et al (2000) empirical models do not describe the physical processes of flood events sufficiently to prognosticate in time frames that do not coincide with the calibration period. However, they are computationally too intensive to be used on the macroscale.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling the runoff response in the Mulde catchment (Germany)

2006

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Abstract. The paper presents two different levels of regionalization used to represent the spatial distribution of landscape parameters for the hydrological modelling of the Mulde.The aim of this investigation was to find out how the discretisation level affects quality of modelling with the hydrological modelling system J2000. Furthermore we improved our understanding of the applicability and reliability of the distributed model J2000 on the macro-scale.Spatial information was aggregated in two different discretisation levels: subbasins (SB) and hydrological response polygons (HRP). A J2000 simulation was carried out for both discretisation levels based on a 1 year calibration and a 3 year validation period.Simulations performed well for both levels of spatial discretisation. The results seemed to be better in the more complex discretisation approach, where the Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient was higher. We can conclude that our first results show more accurate simulations produced by the HRP discretisation approach, the visual inspection shows a better application of the SB approach to the reproduction of the base flow.

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“…They found that all of the methods over-predicted terrace areas compared to the field-mapped terraces, and the accuracy of the methods decreased in lower-relief landscapes. These semi-automated methods allow the user to manually clip over-predicted terrace surfaces based on field data and DEM observations, and remove selected surfaces that do not represent terraces, such as roads, alluvial fans, or water bodies (Stout and Belmont, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geomorphometric delineation of floodplains and terraces from objectively defined topographic thresholds

et al. 2017

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Abstract. Floodplain and terrace features can provide information about current and past fluvial processes, including channel response to varying discharge and sediment flux, sediment storage, and the climatic or tectonic history of a catchment. Previous methods of identifying floodplain and terraces from digital elevation models (DEMs) tend to be semi-automated, requiring the input of independent datasets or manual editing by the user. In this study we present a new method of identifying floodplain and terrace features based on two thresholds: local gradient, and elevation compared to the nearest channel. These thresholds are calculated statistically from the DEM using quantile–quantile plots and do not need to be set manually for each landscape in question. We test our method against field-mapped floodplain initiation points, published flood hazard maps, and digitised terrace surfaces from seven field sites from the US and one field site from the UK. For each site, we use high-resolution DEMs derived from light detection and ranging (lidar) where available, as well as coarser resolution national datasets to test the sensitivity of our method to grid resolution. We find that our method is successful in extracting floodplain and terrace features compared to the field-mapped data from the range of landscapes and grid resolutions tested. The method is most accurate in areas where there is a contrast in slope and elevation between the feature of interest and the surrounding landscape, such as confined valley settings. Our method provides a new tool for rapidly and objectively identifying floodplain and terrace features on a landscape scale, with applications including flood risk mapping, reconstruction of landscape evolution, and quantification of sediment storage and routing.

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Cited by 143 publications

References 15 publications

Changes in observed climate extremes in global urban areas

Changes in observed climate extremes in global urban areas

Modelling the runoff response in the Mulde catchment (Germany)

Geomorphometric delineation of floodplains and terraces from objectively defined topographic thresholds

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