Background
Well-tolerated, highly-effective direct antiviral agents (DAAs) for hepatitis C virus (HCV) were recently introduced. Their utilization has been limited by high cost and low access to care.
Aim
We aimed to describe the impact of DAAs on HCV treatment and cure rates.
Methods
We identified all HCV antiviral treatment regimens initiated from 1/1/1999 to 12/31/2015 (n=105,369) in the Veterans Affairs (VA) national healthcare system of the United States and determined if they resulted in sustained virologic response (SVR).
Results
HCV antiviral treatment rates were low (1,981-6,679 treatments/year) in the interferon era (1999-2010). The introduction of simeprevir and sofosbuvir in 2013 and ledipasvir/sofosbuvir and paritaprevir/ombitasvir/ritonavir/dasabuvir in 2014 were followed by dramatic increases in annual treatment rates to 9,180 in 2014 and 31,028 in 2015. The number of patients achieving SVR was 1,313 in 2010, the last year of the interferon era and increased 5.6-fold to 7,377 in 2014 and 21-fold to 28,084 in 2015. The proportion of treated patients who achieved SVR increased from 19.2% in 1999 and 36.0% in 2010 to 90.5% in 2015. Within 2015, monthly treatment rates ranged from 727 in July to 6,868 in September correlating with the availability of funds for DAAs.
Conclusion
DAAs resulted in a 21-fold increase in the number of patients achieving HCV cure. Treatment rates in 2015 were limited primarily by the availability of funds. Further increases in funding and cost reductions of DAAs occurring in 2016 suggest that the VA could cure the majority of HCV-infected Veterans in VA care within the next few years.