Vaccination against Paediatric Respiratory Pathogens

Bianchini, Sonia; Argentiero, Alberto; Camilloni, Barbara; Silvestri, Ettore; Alunno, Anna; Esposito, Susanna

doi:10.3390/vaccines7040168

Cited by 22 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 88 publications

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“…In this study, unvaccinated children were 2 times more likely to be affected by ALRTIs compared with vaccinated for age children. Widespread immunizations have been related to the decline of the LRTIs in children [3,30,31]. Similar ndings were reported from studies in Gamo Gofa Zone, Ethiopia [22], Southern Ethiopia [23], and a systematic review and meta-analysis from the UK [32].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Acute Lower Respiratory Tract Infections and Associated Factors Among Under-five Children Visiting Wolaita Sodo University Teaching and Referral Hospital: A Cross-sectional Study

Demissie¹,

Amele²,

Yitayew³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Lower respiratory tract infections are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, particularly in children younger than five years. Even if the burden of lower respiratory tract infections in children under-five years had decreased dramatically in the last ten years, it is still the main cause of morbidity and mortality in under five years old children in developing countries. So, this study was aimed to assess lower respiratory tract infections and associated factors among under-five children visiting Wolaita Sodo University Teaching and Referral Hospital.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from April 1-30, 2019, among under-five children attended the Pediatrics outpatient department of Wolaita Sodo University Teaching and Referral Hospital. The data was collected using a semi-structured pre-tested interviewer guided questionnaire. Epi -info (version 7.1.2.0) was used for data entry, and Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 20 was used for analysis. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression, crude and adjusted odds ratio with their 95% confidence interval were computed. Finally, p-value <0.05 was used to identify variables that had a significant association with acute lower respiratory tract infection.Result: The prevalence of acute lower respiratory tract infections among under-five children was 40.3% (95%CI: 35.7%- 44.9%). Unvaccinated children (AOR: 2, 95% CI, (1.27-3.16)), non-exclusive/replacement feeding (AOR: 1.85, 95% CI, (1.18-2.91)), households mainly used unclean fuel for cooking (AOR: 2.12, 95% CI, (1.07-4.19)), absence of separate kitchen (AOR: 1.7, 95% CI, (1.09-2.65)), and absence of window in the kitchen room (AOR: 1.69, 95% CI, (1.07-2.68)) showed significant association with acute lower respiratory tract infection.Conclusion: The prevalence of acute lower respiratory tract infections was 40.3%. Unvaccinated children, non-exclusive/replacement feeding, households mainly used unclean fuel for cooking, absence of a separate kitchen, and absence of window in the kitchen room showed significant association with acute lower respiratory tract infection. Therefore, special attention should be given for the environmental sanitation and family health component of the health extension packages.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Acute Lower Respiratory Tract Infections and Associated Factors Among Under-five Children Visiting Wolaita Sodo University Teaching and Referral Hospital: A Cross-sectional Study

Demissie¹,

Amele²,

Yitayew³

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Viral coinfections can occur in children who are hospitalized with acute respiratory infections and bacterial infections may be commonly observed in the later stages of respiratory disease [21,22]. In our study the percentage of coinfection with Influenza or Rhinovirus was 2.2% of the cases in which the ILI panel was requested and only in 1/7 cases of coinfection, admission to the ICU was required; that proportion is not dissimilar to the proportion of ICU admission in children with no coinfection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 48%

Epidemiology of Respiratory Syncytial Virus-Related Hospitalization Over a 5-Year Period in Italy: Evaluation of Seasonality and Age Distribution Before Vaccine Introduction

et al. 2020

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Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) is associated with most of the acute viral respiratory tract infections causing hospitalization with a peak during the first months of life. Many clinical trials of RSV vaccine candidates are being carried out. The aim of this study was to obtain epidemiologic information to give suggestions on target populations and prevention strategies before the introduction of new vaccines or monoclonal antibodies. We retrospectively evaluated, over a 5-year period (September 2014–August 2019), a population of hospitalized Italian children aged 0–6 years with a laboratory confirmed diagnosis of RSV infection. Risk factors, seasonality of RSV infection, distribution according to age, cases of coinfections and reinfections and cases needing Intensive Care Unit were evaluated. Hospitalizations due to RSV were 624 in the period under study. The peak was found between November and April, with 80.4% of cases recorded between December and February. 62.5% of cases were found in children under three months of age and 41% in children under 30 days old. The need for intensive care was associated with younger ages, with 70.9% of cases in children below three months of age. Unless the incoming vaccines demonstrate a strong herd protection effect, preventive strategies should be aimed at newborns or at maternal immunization.

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“…Furthermore, disruptions to healthcare services may result in childhood immunization being missed or delayed, which is a significant concern [ 6 , 7 ]. Vaccine-preventable disease (VPD) remains an important issue that requires adherence to recommendations to prevent severe illness in children [ 8 ]. Delayed or missed vaccination makes children susceptible to certain preventable diseases and may also affect herd immunity [ 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Routine Childhood Immunization in Saudi Arabia

Alsuhaibani

Alaqeel

2020

Vaccines

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The COVID-19 pandemic is impacting national and international public health. Routine childhood immunization may be adversely affected by COVID-19 mitigation measures. We aimed to identify the prevalence of delayed immunization and explore the reasons and barriers for delayed immunization during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Qassim region, Saudi Arabia. We conducted a cross-sectional study using an online self-administered questionnaire for parents of children under two years of age during the period from 1 May to 30 June 2020. Most of the 749 participants (82.6%) were mothers, with 31 to 40 years being the most common age group (49.8%). Nearly three-quarters (73.2%) of the parents had appointments scheduled for their child’s vaccination during the pandemic, and approximately 23.4% of the parents reported a delay of more than one month in the immunization of their child. The most common reason for the delay was the fear of being infected by COVID-19 (60.9%). Large household size and lack of insurance were risk factors for immunization delay. The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the timeliness of routine childhood immunization in Saudi Arabia. Childhood immunization should be prioritized, as well as the implementation of focused strategies to achieve significant and sustainable vaccination rates during pandemics.

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Vaccination against Paediatric Respiratory Pathogens

Cited by 22 publications

References 88 publications

Acute Lower Respiratory Tract Infections and Associated Factors Among Under-five Children Visiting Wolaita Sodo University Teaching and Referral Hospital: A Cross-sectional Study

Acute Lower Respiratory Tract Infections and Associated Factors Among Under-five Children Visiting Wolaita Sodo University Teaching and Referral Hospital: A Cross-sectional Study

Epidemiology of Respiratory Syncytial Virus-Related Hospitalization Over a 5-Year Period in Italy: Evaluation of Seasonality and Age Distribution Before Vaccine Introduction

Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Routine Childhood Immunization in Saudi Arabia

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