Vaccination in post-tuberculosis lung disease management: A review of the evidence

Nasiri, M.J.; Silva, D.R.; Rommasi, F.; Zahmatkesh, M.M.; Tajabadi, Z.; Khelghati, F.; Sarmastzadeh, T.; Centis, R.; D'Ambrosio, L.; Bombarda, S.; Dalcolmo, M.P.; Galvão, T.; de Queiroz Mello, F.C.; Rabahi, M.F.; Pontali, E.; Solovic, I.; Tadolini, M.; Marconi, L.; Tiberi, S.; van den Boom, M.; Sotgiu, G.; Migliori, G.B.

doi:10.1016/j.pulmoe.2023.07.002

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 102 publications

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“…4 , 45 A recent review showed that vaccination against respiratory tract infections including influenza, pneumococcal and COVID-19 potentially prevent post-TB lung sequelae. 46 The Brazilian Thoracic Association has also recommended the use of these vaccinations to prevent post-TB lung sequelae. 47…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interventions to prevent post-tuberculosis sequelae: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Alene,

Hertzog,

Gilmour

et al. 2024

eClinicalMedicine

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interventions to prevent post-tuberculosis sequelae: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Alene,

Hertzog,

Gilmour

et al. 2024

eClinicalMedicine

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“…recovered COVID-19 and successful TB treatment). Future studies should evaluate the long-term pulmonary sequelae of these patients and elicit the effectiveness of and establish the need for pulmonary rehabilitation, as well as the protective role of anti-COVID-19 vaccination, and potentially of other available vaccines [ 38 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term outcomes of the global tuberculosis and COVID-19 co-infection cohort

Casco,

Jorge,

Palmero

et al. 2023

Eur Respir J

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BackgroundLongitudinal cohort data of patients with tuberculosis (TB) and COVID-19 are lacking. In our global study, we describe long-term outcomes of patients affected by TB and COVID-19.MethodsWe collected data from 174 centres in 31 countries on all patients affected by COVID-19 and TB between 1 March 2020 and 30 September 2022. Patients were followed-up until cure, death or end of cohort time. All patients had TB and COVID-19; for analysis purposes, deaths were attributed to TB, COVID-19 or both. Survival analysis was performed using Cox proportional risk regression models, and the log rank test was used to compare survival and mortality attributed to TB, COVID-19 or both.ResultsOverall, 788 patients with COVID-19 and TB (active or sequelae) were recruited from 31 countries, and 10.8% (n=85) died during the observation period. Survival was significantly lower among patients whose death was attributed to TB and COVID-19versusthose dying because of either TB or COVID-19 alone (p<0.001). Significant adjusted risk factors for TB mortality were higher age (Hazard Ratio-HR 1.05, 95% confidence interval-CI 1.03–1.07), HIV infection (HR 2.29, CI 1.02–5.16), and invasive ventilation (HR 4.28, CI 2.34–7.83). For COVID-19 mortality the adjusted risks were: higher age (HR 1.03, CI 1.02–1.04), male sex (HR 2.21, CI 1.24–3.91), oxygen requirement (HR 7.93, CI 3.44–18.26), and invasive ventilation (HR 2.19, CI1.36–3.53).ConclusionsIn our global cohort, death was the outcome in more than 10% of patients with TB and COVID-19. A range of demographic and clinical predictors are associated with adverse outcomes.

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“…4 Vaccination against common respiratory pathogens, such as influenza and pneumococcus, can help reduce the risk of respiratory infections and complications in tuberculosis survivors. 10…”

Section: Editorialmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the complexities of post-tuberculosis lung disease: Implications for global health

Yadav

2024

IJIRM

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Post-tuberculosis lung disease (PTLD) presents a significant challenge in the management of tuberculosis patients, with far-reaching implications for global health. This editorial explores the multifaceted nature of PTLD, encompassing its pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostic complexities, and implications for public health. PTLD arises from pulmonary damage due to an active tuberculosis infection, leading to inflammation, scarring, and fibrosis within the lungs. Clinical manifestations vary widely, ranging from chronic respiratory symptoms to severe respiratory failure, often resembling chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or restrictive lung disease. The diagnosis of PTLD is hindered by its heterogeneous presentation and overlap with other respiratory conditions, necessitating a comprehensive evaluation through pulmonary function tests and radiological imaging. PTLD imposes a substantial burden on global health systems, particularly in regions with high tuberculosis prevalence, contributing to increased morbidity and mortality rates. Management strategies focus on alleviating symptoms, preserving lung function, and preventing disease progression through pharmacological interventions, pulmonary rehabilitation, and, in select cases, surgical interventions. Preventive measures include effective tuberculosis control measures, vaccination against respiratory pathogens, and addressing social determinants of health. Overall, a comprehensive understanding of PTLD is essential for improving patient outcomes and reducing disease burden, highlighting the importance of concerted efforts to raise awareness, enhance diagnostic capabilities, and develop effective management strategies for this complex condition.

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Vaccination in post-tuberculosis lung disease management: A review of the evidence

Cited by 7 publications

References 102 publications

Interventions to prevent post-tuberculosis sequelae: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Interventions to prevent post-tuberculosis sequelae: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Long-term outcomes of the global tuberculosis and COVID-19 co-infection cohort

Understanding the complexities of post-tuberculosis lung disease: Implications for global health

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