Vaccine components and constituents: responding to consumer concerns

Eldred, Barbara E; Dean, Angela J.; McGuire, Treasure; Nash, Allan L

doi:10.5694/j.1326-5377.2006.tb00178.x

Cited by 30 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…In this context, recent experiments have revealed that Al adjuvant compounds have a unique capacity to cross the blood-brain and blood-cerebrospinal fluid barriers and incite deleterious immunoinflammatory responses in neural tissues [4,11]. In spite of these data, it is currently maintained by both the pharmaceutical industry and drug regulating agencies that the concentrations at which Al is used in vaccines does not represent a health hazard [12,13]. In the current review we have provided an overview of what is currently known about Al adjuvants, in particular, their modes of action and mechanisms of potential toxicity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are there Negative CNS Impacts of Aluminum Adjuvants Used in Vaccines and Immunotherapy?

Shaw

Tomljenovic

2014

Immunotherapy

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In spite of a common view that aluminum (Al) salts are inert and therefore harmless as vaccine adjuvants or in immunotherapy, the reality is quite different. In the following article we briefly review the literature on Al neurotoxicity and the use of Al salts as vaccine adjuvants and consider not only direct toxic actions on the nervous system, but also the potential impact for triggering autoimmunity. Autoimmune and inflammatory responses affecting the CNS appear to underlie some forms of neurological disease, including developmental disorders. Al has been demonstrated to impact the CNS at every level, including by changing gene expression. These outcomes should raise concerns about the increasing use of Al salts as vaccine adjuvants and for the application as more general immune stimulants.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are there Negative CNS Impacts of Aluminum Adjuvants Used in Vaccines and Immunotherapy?

Shaw

Tomljenovic

2014

Immunotherapy

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“…Neomycin is used as a preservative to prevent bacterial contamination in both the MMR and varicella vaccines, but has only been shown to contribute to local or systemic allergic anaphylactic reactions [17]. It is also an additive in many of the non-live vaccines the patient received in childhood without incident and extensive epidemiological studies have not found a link between neurological adverse events following immunization (AEFI) and additives or adjuvants in vaccines [18].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recurrent 6th nerve palsy in a child following different live attenuated vaccines: case report

et al. 2012

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BackgroundRecurrent benign 6th nerve palsy in the paediatric age group is uncommon, but has been described following viral and bacterial infections. It has also been temporally associated with immunization, but has not been previously described following two different live attenuated vaccines.Case presentationA case is presented of a 12 month old Caucasian boy with recurrent benign 6th nerve palsy following measles-mumps-rubella and varicella vaccines, given on separate occasions with complete recovery following each episode. No alternate underlying etiology was identified despite extensive investigations and review.ConclusionsThe majority of benign 6th nerve palsies do not have a sinister cause and have an excellent prognosis, with recovery expected in most cases. The exact pathophysiology is unknown, although hypotheses including autoimmune mechanisms and direct viral invasion could explain the pathophysiology behind immunization related nerve palsies. It is important to rule out other aetiologies with thorough history, physical examination and investigations. There is limited information in the literature regarding the safety of a repeat dose of a live vaccine in this setting. Future immunizations should be considered on a case-by-case basis.

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“…The hypothesis that this could be caused by additives in the vaccine is unlikely. In fact, the neomycin which is used as a preservative to prevent bacterial contamination both in MPR and in varicella vaccines, has only shown a sort of contribution to the genesis of local or systemic allergic anaphylactic reactions [24]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post Vaccinal Temporary Sensorineural Hearing Loss

Marco

Cesare

Folco

et al. 2018

IJERPH

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In our systematic research we identified four studies concerning the onset of neurological adverse events following vaccination and two excluding this association. A 33-year-old Italian man, belonging to the Italian Army was hospitalized because he suffered from vertigo, nausea and sudden right hearing loss not classified (NDD), that set in 24 h after the administration of tetanus-diphtheria and meningococcal vaccines. Some neurological events arising after vaccination are very difficult to treat. In our case, the functional recovery on low and medium frequencies was possible about 6 months after the morbid event.

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Vaccine components and constituents: responding to consumer concerns

Cited by 30 publications

References 29 publications

Are there Negative CNS Impacts of Aluminum Adjuvants Used in Vaccines and Immunotherapy?

Are there Negative CNS Impacts of Aluminum Adjuvants Used in Vaccines and Immunotherapy?

Recurrent 6th nerve palsy in a child following different live attenuated vaccines: case report

Post Vaccinal Temporary Sensorineural Hearing Loss

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