Vaccine Technologies and Platforms for Infectious Diseases: Current Progress, Challenges, and Opportunities

Ghattas, Majed; Dwivedi, Garima; Lavertu, Marc; Alameh, Mohamad-Gabriel

doi:10.3390/vaccines9121490

Cited by 85 publications

(142 citation statements)

References 165 publications

(189 reference statements)

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“…Furthermore, a vaccine delivered intranasally, unlike the present ones injected intramuscularly, would have likely generated protective immunity at the mucosal sites (airways) where we are exposed to the virus, and where we need it the most [ 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 ]. While the generation and optimization of an intranasal vaccine could take longer than the mRNA-LNP (mRNA combined with lipid nanoparticles) vaccine and possible adverse reactions from disease-causing potential apply for a live-attenuated vaccine [ 35 ], the fact that these vaccines could have been made almost anywhere, would have increased the likelihood of fast, even, and fair worldwide distribution at a more affordable price.…”

Section: How Not To Vaccinate Ourselves Out Of a Pandemicmentioning

confidence: 99%

“Don’t Look Up” Your Science—Herd Immunity or Herd Mentality?

Igyártó

2022

Microorganisms

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Section: How Not To Vaccinate Ourselves Out Of a Pandemicmentioning

confidence: 99%

“Don’t Look Up” Your Science—Herd Immunity or Herd Mentality?

Igyártó

2022

Microorganisms

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“…Inactivated vaccines are those containing a killed pathogen, a protein component, or a polysaccharide component of a pathogen and are incapable of replicating or causing disease. Although generally safer than live attenuated vaccines due to a lower risk of vaccine‐associated infection, inactivated vaccines are less immunogenetic and carry a higher risk of failing to induce a protective immune response 3 . Adjuvanted inactivated vaccines are those that contain an additional component to increase immunogenicity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although generally safer than live attenuated vaccines due to a lower risk of vaccine‐associated infection, inactivated vaccines are less immunogenetic and carry a higher risk of failing to induce a protective immune response. 3 Adjuvanted inactivated vaccines are those that contain an additional component to increase immunogenicity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of inactivated vaccines in patients treated with immunosuppressive drug therapy

Bemben

Berg

2022

Pharmacotherapy

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Inactivated vaccines are generally considered safe in immunocompromised patients but the ability of immunocompromised patients to generate an effective immune response to vaccines is uncertain. Although recent reviews have focused on the effects of vaccines in patients who are immunocompromised due to various disease states (primary immunodeficiency), the effects of immunosuppressive drug therapy (secondary immunodeficiency) has received relatively less attention. This review evaluates evidence regarding the efficacy of inactivated vaccines against influenza, COVID-19, and other diseases in patients treated with immunosuppressive oncologic agents, immunosuppressants used for transplant recipients, and immunosuppressants used for autoimmune disorders. Although evidence is mixed for many immunosuppressive agents and vaccines, most studies have found an attenuated immune response to inactivated vaccines, with the majority of data indicate anti-B-cell antibodies have a more severe and prolonged negative effect on vaccine efficacy. K E Y W O R D S antirheumatic agents, immunosuppressive agents, inactivated vaccine, vaccine | 335 BEMBEN aNd BERG over 10 kg], as defined by the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices [ACIP]), were considered to be immunosuppressive agents. 4 How to cite this article: Bemben NM, Berg ML. Efficacy of inactivated vaccines in patients treated with immunosuppressive drug therapy. Pharmacotherapy.

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“…Vaccination represents a safe and effective approach to prevent and control serious, and sometimes deadly, infectious diseases [15]. The ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has required rapid development of vaccines to prevent disease, reduce mortality, and curb the ongoing crisis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mRNA-based vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 do not stimulate interferon stimulatory gene expression in individuals affected by Aicardi Goutières Syndrome

Takanohashi

Alameh

Woidill

et al. 2022

Preprint

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The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) poses threats to individuals with rare disease, in part because so little is known about the impact of COVID-19 infection and vaccination safety in rare disease populations. Of particular concern, given the overlap in disease manifestations and interferon dysregulation, are a group of heritable autoinflammatory conditions called type I interferonopathies. The most common of these, Aicardi Goutières Syndrome (AGS), is caused by altered nucleic acid metabolism and sensing, resulting in additional concerns surrounding the use of mRNA vaccination approaches. To determine whether mRNA vaccines induce an interferon response in AGS, we applied mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccines to whole blood samples and assessed internalization and interferon signaling gene expression responses to the mRNA. In all cases (11 AGS and 11 control samples), interferon signatures did not significantly increase from baseline, regardless of baricitinib treatment status in the AGS subjects, and were even decreased, when using codon optimized SARS-CoV-2 di-proline modified spike sequence (S2P). Internalization of S2P in human dendritic cells was verified by Western Blot, and in control and AGS blood cells was verified by Luciferase activity. Although numbers of tested samples in this rare disease are small, based on these findings, we suggest that COVID vaccination is unlikely to directly stimulate the interferon signaling gene expression in AGS patients via response to mRNA internalization. The in vitro nature of this study cannot exclude an exaggerated interferon response to spike protein production at a systemic level in individuals with a primary heritable interferonopathy. In the context of continued SARS-CoV-2 spread in the community, we do not recommend withholding vaccination in this rare disease group. However, we recommend that vaccinations for AGS patients are provided in a controlled setting with appropriate observation and used with caution in individuals with prior vaccine associated adverse events.

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Vaccine Technologies and Platforms for Infectious Diseases: Current Progress, Challenges, and Opportunities

Cited by 85 publications

References 165 publications

“Don’t Look Up” Your Science—Herd Immunity or Herd Mentality?

“Don’t Look Up” Your Science—Herd Immunity or Herd Mentality?

Efficacy of inactivated vaccines in patients treated with immunosuppressive drug therapy

mRNA-based vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 do not stimulate interferon stimulatory gene expression in individuals affected by Aicardi Goutières Syndrome

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