Vaccine uptake and barriers to vaccination among at-risk adult populations in the US

Kolobova, Irina; Nyaku, Mawuli; Karakusevic, Anna; Bridge, Daisy; Fotheringham, Iain; O’Brien, Matthew G.

doi:10.1080/21645515.2022.2055422

Cited by 16 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 113 publications

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“…Evidence has shown that vaccine uptake increases when cost is removed as a barrier ( 21 ). Therefore, to ensure that cost does not act as a barrier, the Government of India provided vaccines through its public health systems freely.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facilitators and barriers to the uptake of COVID-19 vaccine precaution dose among adult population: qualitative analysis across six different states of India

Godbole,

Diwan,

Das

et al. 2024

Front. Public Health

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IntroductionIndia launched the COVID-19 vaccination drive on 16th January 2021 by vaccinating the adult population above 18 years of age. This was followed by the introduction of an additional precaution dose. As on 18th October 2022, 1,02,66,96,808 (1.02 Billion) first dose and 94, 95, 39,516 (949 Million) second doses of COVID-19 vaccine were administered. However, when compared to the uptake of the primary doses, the precaution dose uptake lagged behind with only 21,75, 12,721 (217 million) doses administered. Even though, the uptake of the primary doses remained optimal, irrespective of different interventions by the Government of India, the uptake of the precaution dose remained poor. In this context, the Ministry of Health & Family Welfare wanted to understand the facilitators and Barriers for precaution dose uptake among adults so that future immunization campaigns could address these issues.MethodsAn exploratory qualitative study was conducted to assess the facilitators and barriers for COVID-19 precaution dose uptake at community level across 6 different states in India. From each of the states, two districts with the highest and lowest rates of COVID-19 vaccine precaution dose uptake were selected. In each of these districts, 2 block Primary Healthcare Centres (PHCs), one with high and one with low uptake were identified. Within these block PHCs, a PHC field area with high and low precaution dose uptakes was identified. From the identified sites a minimum of four IDIs, four FGDs were conducted among the community members. KIIs of the State Immunization Officers, District Immunisation Officers, PHC Medical Officers, healthcare workers like Accredited Social Health Activist/Auxiliary Nurse Midwife were also conducted. The data was audio recorded and it was transcribed, translated and analysed using framework approach.ResultsIt was observed that rise in COVID-19 cases prompted the community to take the precaution dose, this along with the cost of hospitalization and the number of productive days being lost as a result of being infected resulted in vaccine uptake. The fear of non-availability of COVID-19 vaccines latter on also prompted people for vaccine uptake. While the barriers were, poor accessibility to vaccination centers, long hours of travel, poor road connectivity and lack of transportation facilities. However, the most prominent barriers observed across all study sites was that a sense of pandemic fatigue and complacency had developed both among the providers as well as the beneficiaries. Other barriers include differences in vaccination schedules and longer duration between the primary doses of some vaccines. Media was identified to be both a barrier and facilitator for Covid-19 Precaution dose uptake. Even though media played an important role in disseminating information in the beginning of the campaign, it was soon followed by the circulation of both misinformation and disinformation.DiscussionThe study identified that dissemination of accurate information and community involvement at each stage of planning and implementation are crucial for the success of any campaign. Efforts should be constantly made to address and re-invent strategies that will be most suitable for the needs of the community. Therefore, in order to ensure successful vaccination campaigns, it is crucial that along with political will it is also important to have a decentralized approach with inter-sectoral coordination with different stakeholders such as healthcare workers, community members and the different departments such as the local self-governments, education department, law & order department etc. These lessons learnt from COVID-19 vaccination campaigns must not be forgotten and must be applied in future vaccination campaigns and while framing public health policies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facilitators and barriers to the uptake of COVID-19 vaccine precaution dose among adult population: qualitative analysis across six different states of India

Godbole,

Diwan,

Das

et al. 2024

Front. Public Health

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“…Developing and distributing a vaccine within a remarkably short timeframe was one of the 2 of 9 major logistical challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic [3]. These particular COVID-19-related challenges were in addition to the usual barriers to vaccine uptake: cost, insurance coverage, safety concerns, lack of education, risks associated with the vaccine, and lack of clinicians recommending the vaccine [4]. To overcome some logistical hurdles, community health centers and rural, critical access hospitals across the nation worked to create new workflows and rapidly administer vaccines in their communities, based on the amount of vaccines available to them [5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Rapid-Cycle Change to Improve COVID-19 Vaccination Strategy in Primary Care

Hunt

Sullivan

Susa

et al. 2023

IJERPH

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During the COVID-19 pandemic, misinformation and distrust exacerbated disparities in vaccination rates by race and ethnicity throughout the United States. Primary care, public health systems, and community health centers have shifted their vaccination outreach strategies toward these disparate, unvaccinated populations. To support primary care, we developed the SAVE Sprint model for implementing rapid-cycle change to improve vaccination rates by overcoming community outreach barriers and workforce limitations. Participants were recruited for the 10-week SAVE Sprint program through partnerships with the National Association of Community Health Centers (NACHC) and the Resilient American Communities (RAC) Initiative. The majority of the participants were from community health centers. Data were evaluated during the program through progress reports and surveys, and interviews conducted three months post-intervention were recorded, coded, and analyzed. The SAVE Sprint model of rapid-cycle change exceeded participants’ expectations and led to improvements in patient education and vaccination among their vulnerable populations. Participants reported building new skills and identifying strategies for targeting specific populations during a public health emergency. However, participants reported that planning for rapid-pace change and trust-building with community partners prior to a health care crisis is preferable and would make navigating an emergency easier.

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“…Thus, there is need to create demand and to understand the factors that promote and inhibit vaccine uptake in groups that are either uninformed, vaccine hesitant, or actively resistant to COVID-19 vaccination (4). Crucial to this task is understanding the factors that promote and reduce vaccine hesitancy, and the differences between population groups that led to vaccine uptake and avoidance (5).…”

Section: Introduction Background and Objectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Randomized controlled trial of a social media campaign to promote COVID-19 vaccination in Nigeria

Evans,

Bingenheimer,

Long

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background The COVID-19 pandemic has challenged public health and behavior change programs and has also led to innovative interventions and research. In low -and middle-income countries (LMICs) such as Nigeria, new strategies to promote vaccination, increase pro-vaccination social norms, and reduce vaccine hesitancy have been deployed through social media campaigns and evaluated using digital media platforms. Methods The aim of this study was to conduct two randomized controlled evaluations of social media content designed to promote COVID-19 vaccination and to complement research on a nationwide vaccination promotion campaign in Nigeria run in 2022. We conducted two studies in March and August 2022 among Nigerians drawn from 31 states that were not the target of the nationwide campaign. Participants were randomized to receive the pro-vaccination social media campaign or not and data were collected at pre- and post-test to evaluate psychosocial predictors of vaccination and vaccination outcomes following a theory of change based on Diffusion of Innovations, Social Norms Theory, and the Motivation, Opportunity, Ability (MOA) Framework. Data were collected through a novel intervention delivery and data collection platform through social media, and this study demonstrates the capability and potential of new social media-based data collection techniques. Results The study found that pro-vaccination social norms and vaccination rates increased, and vaccine hesitancy decreased, among participants randomized to the social media intervention study arm. Conclusion Social media campaigns are a promising approach to increasing vaccination at scale in LMICs, and social norms are an important factor in promoting vaccination, which is consistent with the Social Norms Theory. We describe implications for future vaccination campaigns and identify future research priorities in this area. The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki, and approved by the Institutional Review Board of the George Washington University (protocol code NCR213718, approved [9 September 2021]) and by the National Health Research Ethics Committee (NHREC) in Nigeria (approved 6 September 2021). Trial registration: Pan African Clinical Trial Registry number PACTR202310811597445 on 20/10/2023.

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Vaccine uptake and barriers to vaccination among at-risk adult populations in the US

Cited by 16 publications

References 113 publications

Facilitators and barriers to the uptake of COVID-19 vaccine precaution dose among adult population: qualitative analysis across six different states of India

Facilitators and barriers to the uptake of COVID-19 vaccine precaution dose among adult population: qualitative analysis across six different states of India

Using Rapid-Cycle Change to Improve COVID-19 Vaccination Strategy in Primary Care

Randomized controlled trial of a social media campaign to promote COVID-19 vaccination in Nigeria

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