Vaccines for the common cold

Simancas‐Racines, Daniel; Franco, Juan Víctor Ariel; Guerra, Claudia V; Felix, Maria L; Hidalgo, Ricardo; Martinez-Zapata, María José

doi:10.1002/14651858.cd002190.pub5

Cited by 16 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 110 publications

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“…There are already abundant research on respiratory diseases, especially common cold. Most of them were in medically, including the mechanism of influenza virus propagation [29,30], the prevalence of cough [31] or common cold, the vaccines for common cold [32], the duration of common cold [33] and also the impact factors [34,35]. However, few studies focused on the effects of dampness exposures on children's common cold, meanwhile considering the modified impact from ventilation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Home dampness-related exposures increase the risk of common colds among preschool children in Shanghai, China: Modified by household ventilation

Sun

Huang

Zou

et al. 2017

Building and Environment

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a b s t r a c tFew studies have estimated the effects of dampness-related exposures and its interaction effects with poor household ventilation on common colds of preschool children. During April 2011eApril 2012, we conducted a cross-sectional survey on home environment and childhood health and collected 13,335 parents-reported questionnaires of 4e6 year-old children in Shanghai, China. In this paper, we investigated associations between the incidence and duration of common colds among these children during the past 12 months before the survey and frequency of opening windows, as well as household dampness-related exposures (indicated by six dampness indicators). Significantly higher incidence (!3 times) and longer duration (!2 weeks) of common cold were found among children with than without these dampness exposures (p-value <0.01 for mold spots and p-value <0.001 for all other indicators). The number of dampness-related indicators had a positive and strong dose-response relationship with common colds (p-trend <0.01). Low frequency of ventilation was also a risk factor for children common colds. After adjusted for the potential confounders in the multiple logistic regression analyses, all dampness-related indicators were significantly associated with the increased odds of common colds and the highest odds ratios was 1.21 (95% CI: 1.16e1.27). We also found that dampness-related exposures and household ventilation habits (p-value for interaction <0.001) had a strong interaction effect on the incidence and duration of common cold. The stratified analysis of ventilation condition displays that the influence of dampness-related exposures has been modified by ventilation. Therefore, good household ventilation habits may have an effect of modification for dampness-related exposures.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Home dampness-related exposures increase the risk of common colds among preschool children in Shanghai, China: Modified by household ventilation

Sun

Huang

Zou

et al. 2017

Building and Environment

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“…Indeed, there may be uncertainty regarding the efficacy of interventions for preventing the common cold in the general population, probably because of its widespread morbidity and spontaneous occurrence. [ 35 ] However, Ball et al [ 36 ] have shown that the common cold constitution exists in children (lower interferon-gamma titers). Therefore, similar constitution might exist in adults and play key roles in the susceptibility to the common cold.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential common factors associated with predisposition to common cold in middle-aged and elderly Japanese

et al. 2018

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People worldwide frequently catch a common cold, which occasionally develops into secondary severe conditions such as pneumonia. However, it is unclear whether predisposition to the common cold is associated with the individual's characteristics including age, body weight, lifestyles, diets, and intestinal functions, besides exposure to a responsible pathogen. We addressed this issue epidemiologically considering many relevant clinical factors.We reviewed data from a cross-sectional study consisting of 39,524 apparently healthy Japanese aged 40 to 79 years (26,975 men and 12,549 women) who underwent a checkup in 2007. Self-reported predisposition to common cold (SPCC) and relevant clinical conditions and parameters were considered.We observed no significant difference in most clinical parameters including age, body mass index (BMI), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and prevalence of men and current smokers between subjects with and without SPCC. In univariate analysis, circulating white blood cell (WBC) count and serum alanine-aminotransferase (ALT) were significantly higher in subjects with SPCC than in those without, whereas serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and duration of sleep were lower. In logistic regression analysis after full adjustment for relevant confounding factors, BMI categories except BMI of ≥27.0 kg/m2 were significantly associated with SPCC compared with BMI of 23.0 to 24.9 kg/m2. Short duration of sleep (≤5 hours), occasional alcohol drinking, and no-exercise were significantly associated with SPCC compared with 7 hours sleep duration, no-drinking alcohol, and low frequent exercise (twice per month), respectively. All gastrointestinal disorders (gastric complaints, constipation, and diarrhea) were independently associated with SPCC. Imbalanced diet and taking a snack were also associated with SPCC in a degree dependent manner. Furthermore, WBC count, serum ALT, and HDL-C (as continuous variables) were associated with SPCC (HDL-C was inversely), whereas no significant association was observed between SPCC and age, smoking, HbA1c, and pharmacotherapy for diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia.Our results demonstrated that multifactorial conditions and parameters might be simultaneously associated with the predisposition to common cold. Prospective studies including detailed common cold questionnaire and measurements are needed to confirm currently suspected causative and protective factors.

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“…Combined dexamethasone and epinephrine may reduce outpatient admissions, but results are exploratory, and safety data are limited. Future research should further assess the efficacy, harms, and applicability of combined therapy [28].…”

Section: Vol 7 | Issue 6 | June 2020mentioning

confidence: 99%

“Over-the-counter decongestants for infants with common cold” – A pediatrician’s dilemma!

Sharma¹

2020

Indian J Child Health

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he current COVID-19 pandemic has made our lives completely unpredictable and chaotic. Everyone is scrambling to find the what, why, and how of this viral infection, and as a pediatrician, I have received numerous calls regarding what needs to be done for this virus in particular and for not so dangerous seasonal viral fevers or what we call "common cold." Common cold has been there since eternal time, and still, there is no way to eradicate it. An average person gets 2-3 episodes annually and for infants, the number is still higher. Although the number of episodes and severity tends to decrease with increasing age [1], one cannot deny that the symptoms are debilitating for adults and children alike and additionally take a tremendous toll on the economy [2]. The common cold is caused by a group of viral pathogens, namely, rhinoviruses, coronaviruses, influenza virus A and B and parainfluenza virus, and respiratory syncytial viruses (RSVs), responsible for seasonal flu outbreaks [2]. COVID-19 belongs to the coronavirus group of viruses. Rhinovirus accounts for 24-52% of clinical cases or 52-76% of infections with an identified pathogen [3-6]. No pathogen is identified in 31-57% of upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) [5,6], likely due to a number of reasons, including poor collection technique, low pathogen count due to sampling late in the illness, or previously unidentified agents. Only about 5% of clinically diagnosed cases are found to have bacterial infection (with or without viral coinfection) [6]. These are found everywhere and can be contracted through touching the eyes, nose, or mouth after coming in contact with infected surfaces or through droplets in cough and sneezing [7]. The common cold is an acute, self-limiting viral infection of the URT involving the nose, sinuses, pharynx, and larynx. The incubation period varies, but is just under 2 days for rhinovirus [8]. The symptoms, which are generally correlated to the infected mucosa, peak at 1-3 days and last 7-10 days and may occasionally persist up to 3 weeks [1,2,7]. They include sore throat, rhinitis, rhinorrhea, cough, and malaise [7]. However, infants (<12 months) commonly seen symptoms are fever, irritability, blocked or runny nose, cough, and poor feeding. In addition, they may have diarrhea, vomiting, or feed intolerance. The common cold is self-limiting and usually runs a course of 7-10 days [9] unless the child has developed complications like a secondary bacterial infection or is immunocompromised.

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Vaccines for the common cold

Cited by 16 publications

References 110 publications

Home dampness-related exposures increase the risk of common colds among preschool children in Shanghai, China: Modified by household ventilation

Home dampness-related exposures increase the risk of common colds among preschool children in Shanghai, China: Modified by household ventilation

Potential common factors associated with predisposition to common cold in middle-aged and elderly Japanese

“Over-the-counter decongestants for infants with common cold” – A pediatrician’s dilemma!

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