Vaccines to Prevent Diseases in Aquaculture

TN, Vinay; Jung, Myung-Hwa; Patil, Prasanna Kumar; Panigrahi, A.; Girisha, S.K.

doi:10.1007/978-981-16-5195-3_14

Cited by 1 publication

(4 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Vaccines have been successfully applied in fish aquaculture to protect against bacterial infections [7,37,[51][52][53]. Injection is the traditional method of administering these vaccinations, and research has shown that it is more efficient than oral administration [54].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, injectable vaccines in aquaculture necessitate skilled vaccinator personnel, which adds to the cost of production. Moreover, injection induces handling stress, resulting in a low feed intake and loss of appetite in fish [34,37]. Following the injection of a vaccine, many fish are killed, and the remaining fish may lose some of their immunity and become more susceptible to diseases [55,56].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nile tilapia is one of the species that holds the most promise for vaccine development. Given the recent extremely intensive method utilized in Nile tilapia farming, giving vaccinations orally is better than giving them via injection [7,27,34,37]. Fish oral vaccines have been thoroughly explored in recent years as an alternative to injectable immunizations, including Nile tilapia [57][58][59].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, while oral and immersion vaccines are simple to administer with minimum stress to the fish, they often result in limited immune responses [7,24,[33][34][35]. Improving immersion vaccines would go a long way to reducing the incidence and severity of infectious diseases on fish farms [36,37]. In this study, we compare the efficacy of vaccines prepared from formalin-killed S. agalactiae that were administered via immersion, injection, and oral routes on skin mucus and serum immune response, relative immune gene expression, and the resistance of Nile tilapia to infection by S. agalactiae.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Efficacy of Different Routes of Formalin-Killed Vaccine Administration on Immunity and Disease Resistance of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Challenged with Streptococcus agalactiae

Linh

Dien

Dong

et al. 2022

Fishes

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Vaccines prepared from formalin-killed Streptococcus agalactiae were administered to Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) via three different routes: immersion in a water-based vaccine, injection with an oil-based vaccine, and as a water-based oral vaccine. All vaccination treatments increased lysozyme and peroxidase activity in skin mucus of Nile tilapia by 1.2- to 1.5-fold compared to their activities in unvaccinated control fish. Likewise, alternative complement, phagocytosis, and respiratory burst activities in the blood serum of the vaccinated fish were 1.2- to 1.5-times higher than in the unvaccinated fish. In addition, the expression transcripts of interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP) were 2.3- to 2.9-fold higher in the vaccinated fish compared to those in the unvaccinated control. The unvaccinated fish challenged with Streptococcus agalactiae had a survival rate of 25% compared to a survival rate of 78–85% for the vaccinated fish. The differences between the unvaccinated and vaccinated fish were all statistically significant, but there was no significant difference in any of the indicators of immunity between the three vaccinated groups. Collectively, these results confirm that vaccination with formalin-killed Streptococcus agalactiae significantly improved the resistance of Nile tilapia to infection by the pathogen. Overall, the efficacy of oral administration of the vaccine was comparable to that of vaccine administered via injection, indicating that oral vaccination is a viable cost-effective alternative to administering vaccines by injection.

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