Vaccinia Virus Complement Control Protein Increases Early Bacterial Clearance during Experimental Peritonitis

Abstract

rVCP enhances early bacterial clearance in mice after CLP, although not through neutrophil recruitment, as MPO concentrations and cell counts were not different. rVCP may, however, increase neutrophil function potentially by prevention of accumulation of complement factors that inhibit leukocytes. Further studies will be needed to elucidate this pathway.

Organ specific apoptosis following polymicrobial intraperitoneal infection

“…3A). Liver showed a baseline MPO (1.0 ± 0.13 units/gram tissue) consistent with previous experiments [27]. At 5 days (3.05 ± 0.49), 7 days (7.05 ± 0.48), and 9 days (18.0 ± 0.46), there was a linear and significant increase in liver MPO paralleling the increase in liver apoptosis (Fig.…”

New insights for C5a and C5a receptors in sepsis

“…Impairment of other organs, such as thymus, adrenal medulla, and heart, were also observed during septic shock (Riedemann et al, 2002a; Niederbichler et al, 2006; Flierl et al, 2008a). CLP-induced collateral tissue damages might be due to bacterial accumulation in lungs, kidneys, livers, and spleens (Riedemann et al, 2002b; Scott et al, 2003; Dahlke et al, 2011). However, whether CLP could induce bacterial burden in heart is still an open question.…”

“…However, whether CLP could induce bacterial burden in heart is still an open question. During sepsis-induced systemic inflammation, neutrophil influx into lungs and livers were elevated, as reflected by increased MPO activity in the corresponding organs (Scott et al, 2003; Dahlke et al, 2011). Transmigration of neutrophil from vascular vessels into collateral tissues is indispensible for bacterial clearance; however, excessive neutrophil accumulation could lead to tissue damages.…”

Secreted Immunomodulatory Viral Proteins as Novel Biotherapeutics

“…VCP and IMP have been proposed to be capable of blocking the interaction between chemokines and GAGs to inhibit chemokine gradient formation and leukocyte chemotaxis, but this particular activity remains to be demonstrated in vivo (128). Purified VCP blocks complement activation at several stages and has been proposed to be a good candidate for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, peritonitis, and xenograft rejection (129,130).…”