Vacuum Arc Ion Sources: Charge State Enhancement and Arc Voltage

Galonska, M.; Heymach, F.; Hollinger, R.; Spädtke, P.

doi:10.1007/978-94-010-0277-6_12

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…As a consequence, the check of the model of magnetically confined plasma expansion cannot be complete. Model calculations are consistent with most of the available experimental results on electron temperature [13], plasma flow diameter [22,23], and on the current dependence of the mean ion charge [7,8,29]. In examining figures 8 and 9, it is noted that for the discharge current I 2 kA, the model systematically overestimates the mean ion charge Z in comparison with the experiment.…”

Section: Conclusion and Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

“…root size of plasma flow) on the mean ion charge state for titanium plasma. It is seen that measurements in a steady-state vacuum arc [29] are in close agreement with a calculation for multi-group-spot arc while measurements in a short-pulse discharge [8] agree well with a calculation for single-spot or group-spot arcs. Conceivably, the significant shot-to-shot variation in the CSD observed in a short-pulse vacuum arc (the error bars in figure 10) is caused by the chaotic transition from single-spot to group-spot mode of arc burning.…”

Section: Ionization Of Ions In the Inter-electrode Gapsupporting

confidence: 66%

“…(--) Calculation results for single-spot arc with D 0 = D s = 0.4 mm, group-spot arc with D 0 = D g = 2 mm, and multi-group-spot arc with D 0 = D cath = 6 mm. Solid circles denote experimental data for steady-state arc with D cath = 6 mm[29], and triangles correspond to measurements for pulse discharge[8].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Additional ionization of ions in the inter-electrode gap of a vacuum arc

Krinberg

Zverev

2003

Plasma Sources Sci. Technol.

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The possibility of ionization of ions outside a near cathode region of a vacuum arc is studied using a modified plasma flow model. Calculations of ion charge state and other plasma parameters at distances of 1-30 mm from the cathode surface were performed for discharge currents of 0.3-3 kA, and Al, Cu, Fe and Ti materials as cathodes. It has been found that additional ionization of primary ions emitted from cathode spots becomes important for a current I 1 kA when the expanding plasma is magnetically confined and electron temperature of the inter-electrode plasma increases up to 5-15 eV. The enhancement of ion charge state depends significantly on the cathode spot configuration and is more impressive for a single-cathode-spot mode, which occurs in the case of a short current pulse. Model calculations have also shown that at distances x 5 mm from the cathode, equilibrium between the magnetic and plasma pressures across the plasma flow is reached.

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Section: Conclusion and Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Ionization Of Ions In the Inter-electrode Gapsupporting

confidence: 66%

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Additional ionization of ions in the inter-electrode gap of a vacuum arc

Krinberg

Zverev

2003

Plasma Sources Sci. Technol.

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Simulation of extraction of high current uranium beams

Wang

Spädtke

Hollinger

et al. 2005

Review of Scientific Instruments

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To generate uranium ion beam with high current and high brightness to fill up the heavy ion synchrotron SIS to its space charge limit, the behavior of the uranium ion beam in the extraction system and the postacceleration system for a high current metal vapor vacuum arc ion source has been investigated using the KOBRA3-INP code. The beam trajectory and space charge map in the extraction system as well as space profiles and the emittance diagrams of the ion beam along the beam line are presented. The influences of degree of the space charge compensation on the characteristics of the extracted ion beam are discussed. The results show that the ion beam has to be space charge compensated from the screening electrode to the entrance of the acceleration gap; otherwise the transport would not be possible. Simulation also quantitatively supports the experimental results under the assumption of the full space charge compensation in the drift sections.

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Development of a vacuum arc ion source for injection of high current uranium ion beam into the unilac at GSI

Hollinger

Galonska

Spädtke

XXIst International Symposium on Discharges and Electrical Insulation in Vacuum, 2004. Proceedings. ISDEIV.

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To fill up the GSI heavy ion synchrotron (US) to its space charge limit wjith uranium ions, a new vacuum arc ion ,source (VARIS). based on the MEVVA IV ion source ha.s been developed and implemented into operation. The ion source ha.s proven its ctlpahility in several long period beam rimes at the high current injector at GSI. With the new ion source it was possible to e.rceed the space charge limit of I S mA ri" ions at the entrance of the linear accelerator (UN1LAC)for the veyfirst time.The reliability as well as the noise behaviour has heen imprnved to such a degvec, that thi.s ion .source can be used f o r injection info an accelerator without uhjection. I n this article we present the improvements of the ion s o n~c e with the most important operational data. The emission current density of the new ion source has heen increasedfrom 60 mA/cmz for the common used GSI-M E W A to 170 mA/cni2. Thi.s results in a full beam ion current of IS6 mA at 35 kV with a fraction of /bur fold charged uranium ions of 67 54. The analysed v" ion heam after dc post occeleration amounts tu 25 mA at 131 kV which is 1.7 times higher than the requested ion heam current at the entrance of the RFQ. The reduced power density of the vactnini arc resu1t.v in a higher eflciency and longer life time. So1enoid.Y which are creating magneticfields to enhance the charge state of the ions are no more placed inside the vacuum system. This ion source design results in a higher availability after ion source replacement at the injector, and longer life time.

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Vacuum Arc Ion Sources: Charge State Enhancement and Arc Voltage

Cited by 5 publications

References 15 publications

Additional ionization of ions in the inter-electrode gap of a vacuum arc

Additional ionization of ions in the inter-electrode gap of a vacuum arc

Simulation of extraction of high current uranium beams

Development of a vacuum arc ion source for injection of high current uranium ion beam into the unilac at GSI

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