Vacuum-Field Rabi Splittings in Microwave Absorption by Rydberg Atoms in a Cavity

Abstract:The interaction of exciton-plasmon coupling and the conversion of exciton-plasmon-photon have been widely investigated experimentally and theoretically. In this review, we introduce the exciton-plasmon interaction from basic principle to applications. There are two kinds of exciton-plasmon coupling, which demonstrate different optical properties. The strong exciton-plasmon coupling results in two new mixed states of light and matter separated energetically by a Rabi splitting that exhibits a characteristic anticrossing behavior of the exciton-LSP energy tuning. Compared to strong coupling, such as surface-enhanced Raman scattering, surface plasmon (SP)-enhanced absorption, enhanced fluorescence, or fluorescence quenching, there is no perturbation between wave functions; the interaction here is called the weak coupling. SP resonance (SPR) arises from the collective oscillation induced by the electromagnetic field of light and can be used for investigating the interaction between light and matter beyond the diffraction limit. The study on the interaction between SPR and exaction has drawn wide attention since its discovery not only due to its contribution in deepening and broadening the understanding of SPR but also its contribution to its application in light-emitting diodes, solar cells, low threshold laser, biomedical detection, quantum information processing, and so on.

show abstract

“…Agarwal [107] proved that VRS can lead to bimodal characteristics of the transmission spectrum of the cavity.…”

Section: Vrsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exciton-plasmon coupling interactions: from principle to applications

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Experiments showing vacuum Rabi splitting [2,3], ringing regime of superradiance [4], collapses and revivals as well as the trapping states in the micromaser [5], and the quantum entanglement [5,6] have been already reported. In addition, creation of atomic nanostructures [7], atomic interferometry and diffraction by a light wave [8,9] or a laser oscillation with one atom in an optical resonator [10] were successfully demonstrated.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We demonstrate here that a slow-velocity excited particle tunnels freely through a vacuum electromagnetic field mode filled with N − 1 ground state atoms. The reason for this is the trapping of the moving atom into its upper state due to multiparticle influences and the corresponding decoupling from the interaction with the environment such that the emitter does not see the induced potentials.PACS numbers: 42.50.Pq, 42.50.Fx, 42.65.Tg The technological progress in the area of the Cavity Quantum Electrodynamics made possible to achieve the strong-coupling regime where the coherent interaction between a single atom and the light field dominates over the dissipation processes [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12]. Experiments showing vacuum Rabi splitting [2,3], ringing regime of superradiance [4], collapses and revivals as well as the trapping states in the micromaser [5], and the quantum entanglement [5,6] have been already reported.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum tunneling through potentials induced by vacuum-multiparticle interactions

Macovei

2007

Phys. Rev. A

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The vacuum cavity mode induces a potential barrier and a well when an ultra-slow excited atom enters the interaction region so that it can be reflected or transmitted with a certain probability. We demonstrate here that a slow-velocity excited particle tunnels freely through a vacuum electromagnetic field mode filled with N − 1 ground state atoms. The reason for this is the trapping of the moving atom into its upper state due to multiparticle influences and the corresponding decoupling from the interaction with the environment such that the emitter does not see the induced potentials.PACS numbers: 42.50.Pq, 42.50.Fx, 42.65.Tg The technological progress in the area of the Cavity Quantum Electrodynamics made possible to achieve the strong-coupling regime where the coherent interaction between a single atom and the light field dominates over the dissipation processes [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12]. Experiments showing vacuum Rabi splitting [2,3], ringing regime of superradiance [4], collapses and revivals as well as the trapping states in the micromaser [5], and the quantum entanglement [5,6] have been already reported. In addition, creation of atomic nanostructures [7], atomic interferometry and diffraction by a light wave [8,9] or a laser oscillation with one atom in an optical resonator [10] were successfully demonstrated. Another significant experimental result in the strong coupling domain was the real-time detection of single atoms transiting through high-finesse optical cavities [11]. Interesting phenomena are expected from the super-strong coupling regime [12]. Remarkably, ground-state atoms accelerated through a vacuum -state cavity radiate real photons [13], while particle acceleration by stimulated emission of radiation has been experimentally demonstrated in [14]. On the other hand, the atomic motion of single ultraslow particles passing through high-quality resonators can be considerable modified due to the fact that the kinetic energy of the atoms is comparable with their coupling energy to the cavity field [15,16,17]. The tunneling of matter wave packets through different types of traps and barriers attracted then a lot of attention due to a possible design of an atomic soliton laser [18] or a velocity selector for ultracold particles [19]. Here we report on the resonant quantum tunneling of slow atoms through vacuum-multiparticle induced potentials in high-finesse resonators. An atomic wave packet incident on a vacuum cavity mode which induces a potential barrier and a well can be reflected or transmitted with a certain probability. The magnitudes of these potentials however are significantly enhanced when in the interaction region there are many indistinguishable ground-state particles. The tunneling mechanism relies then on the * Electronic address: mihai.macovei@mpi-hd.mpg.de trapping of the moving atom into its upper state due to the multiparticle interactions and the corresponding decoupling from the environment such that the emitter does not see the induced potentials. Larger atomic systems ...

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The middle mirror has a nonzero transmission, which allows the exchange of light between these two subcavities and thus leads to an effective coupling between the left and right cavity modes [19]. Further, the coupling will shift the resonant frequencies of two coupled cavity modes and leads to the so-called normal mode splitting effect [20,21].Following [18,22], the normal mode splitting in the presence of the middle mirror can be calculated by assuming a transfer matrix with a high reflectivity r d . For simplicity, we assuming the middle membrane to be exactly at the middle point of the FP cavity initially, dividing the cavity into two subcavities with the same length L, and the normal mode splitting when the middle mirror is at a new position x is given by Ω = c L arccos(|r d | cos(2kx)) [ Fig.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Squeezing in a coupled two-mode optomechanical system for force sensing below the standard quantum limit

Taylor

2014

Phys. Rev. A

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Optomechanics allows the transduction of weak forces to optical fields, with many efforts approaching the standard quantum limit. We consider force-sensing using a mirror-in-the-middle setup and use two coupled cavity modes originated from normal mode splitting for separating pump and probe fields. We find that this two-mode model can be reduced to an effective single-mode model, if we drive the pump mode strongly and detect the signal from the weak probe mode. The optimal force detection sensitivity at zero frequency (DC) is calculated and we show that one can beat the standard quantum limit by driving the cavity close to instability. The best sensitivity achievable is limited by mechanical thermal noise and by optical losses. We also find that the bandwidth where optimal sensitivity is maintained is proportional to the cavity damping in the resolved sideband regime. Finally, the squeezing spectrum of the output signal is calculated, and it shows almost perfect squeezing at DC is possible by using a high quality factor and low thermal phonon-number mechanical oscillator.Dramatic progress in coupling mechanics to light [1][2][3][4] suggests that such devices may be used in a wide variety of settings to explore quantum effects in macroscopic systems. Furthermore, such systems can be exquisitely sensitive to small perturbations, such as forces induced either by acceleration as in accelerometer [5] or by, e.g., coupling to surfaces or fields as in atomic force microscopy [6]. For such force measurements, a high quality factor (Q) mechanical oscillator acts as a test mass, transducing a force into a time-dependent displacement of the oscillator [7,8]. By using interferometric techniques to monitor the position of the oscillator, one can infer the force via optical signals. However, the radiation pressure coupling between the mechanical mode and optical mode has three consequences: photon shot noise, quantum backaction and dynamical backaction [1,9]. The dynamical backaction modifies the oscillator dynamics [10] and makes laser cooling [11,12] or amplification of phonons [13] in the mechanical system possible. Photon shot noise and quantum backaction, the former decreases with increasing input laser power while the latter increases with increasing input laser power, introduce two sources of noise on the displacement readout of the oscillator motion. An optimal compromise between these two noise sources leads to the standard quantum limit (SQL) in force sensing [7].The SQL, however, is itself not a fundamental limit. By using squeezed states of light [14], employing quantum nondemolition (QND) measurement [15], or by cavity detuning [16], the SQL can be surpassed. Here we show that in a coupled two-mode optomechanical system, if we drive it appropriately, the interaction between cavity photons and the mechanical oscillator will generate squeezed states of the output light. Measuring an appropriate quadrature of the output light field, we would get fewer fluctuations than that of the vacuum state, which makes it possib...

show abstract

Vacuum-Field Rabi Splittings in Microwave Absorption by Rydberg Atoms in a Cavity

Cited by 394 publications

References 9 publications

Exciton-plasmon coupling interactions: from principle to applications

Exciton-plasmon coupling interactions: from principle to applications

Quantum tunneling through potentials induced by vacuum-multiparticle interactions

Squeezing in a coupled two-mode optomechanical system for force sensing below the standard quantum limit

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About