Vacuum membrane distillation: Experiments and modeling

Bandini, Serena; Saavedra, Aldo; Sarti, Giulio Cesare

doi:10.1002/aic.690430213

Cited by 146 publications

(129 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The important characteristics required for a good MD membrane such as excellent chemical resistance, good thermal stability, high liquid entry pressure (LEP), low thermal conductivity, high porosity, high hydrophobicity, and narrow pore size distribution have been reported extensively [3,[24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36].…”

Section: Compared To Other Conventional Desalination Processes Such Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance evaluation of the DCMD desalination process under bench scale and large scale module operating conditions

Francis

Ghaffour

Alsaadi

et al. 2014

Journal of Membrane Science

126

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The flux performance of different hydrophobic microporous flat sheet commercial membranes made of poly tetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and poly propylene (PP) was tested for Red Sea water desalination using the direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) process, under bench scale (high ΔT) and large scale module (low ΔT) operating conditions. Membranes were characterized for their surface morphology, water contact angle, thickness, porosity, pore size and pore size distribution. The DCMD process performance was optimized using a locally designed and fabricated module aiming to maximize the flux at different levels of operating parameters, mainly feed water and coolant inlet temperatures at different temperature difference across the membrane (ΔT). Water vapor flux of 88.8 kg/m 2 h was obtained using a PTFE membrane at high ΔT (60 °C). In addition, the flux performance was compared to the first generation of a new locally synthesized and fabricated membrane made of a different class of polymer under the same conditions. A total salt rejection of 99.99% and boron rejection of 99.41% were achieved under the extreme operating conditions. On the other hand, a detailed water characterization revealed that low molecular weight non-ionic molecules (ppb level) were transported with the water vapor molecules through the membrane structure. The membrane which provided the highest flux was then tested under large scale module operating conditions. The average flux of the latter study (low ΔT) was found to be eight times lower than that of the bench scale (high ΔT) operating conditions.

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Section: Compared To Other Conventional Desalination Processes Such Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance evaluation of the DCMD desalination process under bench scale and large scale module operating conditions

Francis

Ghaffour

Alsaadi

et al. 2014

Journal of Membrane Science

126

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…In Figure 1, the cumulative pore size distribution data obtained from Eqs. (1)(2)(3)(4)(5) are shown together with the fitting curves to the log-normal distribution function. Reasonably high correlation coe‰cients were obtained for all membranes ðr 2 > 0:996Þ.…”

Section: Results On Morphological Characterization Of MD Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The transport of gas through porous media has been studied with theoretical models based on the kinetic theory of gases and di¤erent transport mechanisms have been proposed [1][2][3][4][5]. Non-interconnected cylindrical pores were assumed.…”

Section: Prediction Of Membrane Water Vapor Permeability From Pore Simentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other MD configurations, namely, sweeping gas membrane distillation (SGMD), vacuum membrane distillation (VMD) and air gap membrane distillation (AGMD) have been also reported [1][2][3][4]. It must be stated that, in the case of solution with nonvolatile components such as sodium chloride, only water vapor flows through the membrane.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In MD literature, various mathematical models have been proposed to determine the MD flux depending on the considered MD configuration [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. Generally, the analyses were based on the assumption that gas permeates through the porous hydrophobic membrane according to three contributions: Knudsen flow, Poisseuille or viscous flow, molecular di¤usion flow and the transition between them.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Modelling mass transport through a porous partition: Effect of pore size distribution

Khayet

Velázquez

Mengual

2004

Journal of Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics

148

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Direct contact membrane distillation process has been studied using microporous polytetrafluoroethylene and polyvinylidene fluoride membranes. The membranes were characterized in terms of their non-wettability, pore size distribution and porosity. The mean pore sizes and pore size distributions were obtained by means of wet/ dry flow method. The mean pore size and the e¤ective porosity of the membranes were also determined from the gas permeation test. A theoretical model that considers the pore size distribution together with the gas transport mechanisms through the membrane pores was developed for this process. The contribution of each mass transport mechanism was analyzed. It was found that both membranes have pore size distributions in the Knudsen region and in the transition between Knudsen and ordinary di¤usion region. The transition region was the major contribution to mass transport. The predicted water vapor permeability of the membranes were compared with the experimental ones. The e¤ect of considering pore size distribution instead of mean pore size to predict the water vapor permeability of the membranes was investigated.

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Membrane Distillation

Khayet

2008

Advanced Membrane Technology and Applications

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Vacuum membrane distillation: Experiments and modeling

Cited by 146 publications

References 15 publications

Performance evaluation of the DCMD desalination process under bench scale and large scale module operating conditions

Performance evaluation of the DCMD desalination process under bench scale and large scale module operating conditions

Modelling mass transport through a porous partition: Effect of pore size distribution

Membrane Distillation

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