“…This massive field is formed via the chiral anomaly and may be interpreted as a fermion-antifermion bound state ( [6], [5], [10], [9], [19]). Besides, the massless Schwinger model shows other nontrivial features like fermion condensate, instantons and nontrivial vacuum structure (θ vacuum) ( [2]- [5], [7]- [9], [11]- [13], [23]).…”