2004
DOI: 10.1097/01.olq.0000130454.83883.e9
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Vaginal Lactobacilli in Adolescents

Abstract: Adolescents harbor vaginal lactobacilli with relationships to BV along with lactobacilli-specific immune sensitization, but with few correlates of local immunity to lactobacilli or BV.

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Cited by 65 publications
(23 citation statements)
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“…Other work has examined the vaginal microbiome in relation to age, in particular around menarche. Most have found that Lactobacillus species are less common before menarche, but there is a rapid transition to the “adult-type” microbiome dominated by Lactobacillus [16••, 17, 18]. However, Hickey et al recently found that the majority of vaginal microbiome samples showed a predominance of Lactobacilli in all ages, including premenarcheal girls, which is similar to previously reported microbiome makeup of both postmenarcheal girls and adult women.…”
Section: Introductionsupporting
confidence: 61%
“…Other work has examined the vaginal microbiome in relation to age, in particular around menarche. Most have found that Lactobacillus species are less common before menarche, but there is a rapid transition to the “adult-type” microbiome dominated by Lactobacillus [16••, 17, 18]. However, Hickey et al recently found that the majority of vaginal microbiome samples showed a predominance of Lactobacilli in all ages, including premenarcheal girls, which is similar to previously reported microbiome makeup of both postmenarcheal girls and adult women.…”
Section: Introductionsupporting
confidence: 61%
“…The resulting low vaginal pH is purported to preclude or restrict the growth of other microorganisms and thereby reduce the occurrence of population alterations that predispose to disease (20). While vaginal pH undoubtedly does contribute to maintaining microbial homeostasis at this site, it remains to be determined how vaginal health is maintained in adolescents and menopausal women who lack high numbers of lactobacilli (25–27) or in the >25% of reproductive-age women whose vaginal communities are not dominated by Lactobacillus (1). In each of these groups, a vaginal pH of >4.5, the generally accepted upper limit of normal in women with a lactobacillus-dominated bacterial community, is usually present (1, 25–27).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…While vaginal pH undoubtedly does contribute to maintaining microbial homeostasis at this site, it remains to be determined how vaginal health is maintained in adolescents and menopausal women who lack high numbers of lactobacilli (25–27) or in the >25% of reproductive-age women whose vaginal communities are not dominated by Lactobacillus (1). In each of these groups, a vaginal pH of >4.5, the generally accepted upper limit of normal in women with a lactobacillus-dominated bacterial community, is usually present (1, 25–27). The findings of the present study on a potential role of lactate isomers as signaling molecules that influence specific gene expression and previous reports delineating the immunological properties of lactic acid (14) suggest that steady-state levels of d - and l -lactic acid exert multiple influences on the composition and activity of the vaginal milieu, distinct from acidification.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…25 This is in contrast to a study of primarily African American adolescents, where those who had Lactobacillus spp detected by culture (73% of the 89-person cohort) had no difference in cytokine concentrations compared to those that did not have Lactobacillus spp detected. 26 The species of lactobacilli involved were not identified, making these results difficult to interpret. Further evaluation of the immunologic and reproductive health implications of variations in the microbial communities of women without BV would greatly advance the field.…”
Section: What Is a Healthy Vagina?mentioning
confidence: 99%