Vaginal Leiomyoma- A Diagnostic Dilemma

Abstract

Vaginal leiomyomas are uncommon masses located on the anterior wall of vagina and rarely lateral wall and vulval region. Only 250 and 300 cases have been reported worldwide. These are benign smooth muscle lesions, usually single and mostly without symptoms. The cause is unknown. Histologically, they resemble leiomyoma elsewhere. They originate from smooth muscle cells of vagina, local arterial musculature, or bladder or urethra smooth muscles. These are oestrogen dependent lesions like uterine leiomyomas. They rarely become malignant. Pressure symptoms include discharge per vaginum or bleeding, dyspareunia, or retention of urine. Lesion has to be excised in the symptomatic patient. Recurrence is rare.