Vaginal Microbial Network Analysis Reveals Novel Taxa Relationships among Adolescent and Young Women with Incident Sexually Transmitted Infection Compared with Those Remaining Persistently Negative over a 30-Month Period

Mehta, Supriya D.; Agingu, Walter; Zulaika, Garazi; Nyothach, Elizabeth; Bhaumik, Runa; Green, Stefan J.; Eijk, Anna Maria van; Otieno, Fredrick; Phillips-Howard, Penelope A.; Schneider, John A.

doi:10.3390/microorganisms11082035

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 39 publications

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“…The possible mechanism of the association between UU infection and abnormal cervical cytopathology might be related to the combination of several complex infection-associated inflammatory responses, involving production of reactive oxidative metabolites, increased expression of cytokines, chemokines and growth and angiogenic factors, decreased cell-mediated immunity, and the generation of free radicals [40,46]. The large meta-analysis of Liang et al concluded that, together with bacterial vaginosis (BV), CT, and reduction in Lactobacilli, UU are also associated with increased risk of HPV infection and CIN development [40,47,48].…”

Section: Bacterial Stis and Ureaplasma Spp In Particular As A Potenti...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cervical HPV Infections, Sexually Transmitted Bacterial Pathogens and Cytology Findings—A Molecular Epidemiology Study

Valasoulis,

Pouliakis,

Michail

et al. 2023

Pathogens

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Prevalent cervical HPV infection and high-risk HPV persistence consequences have been extensively investigated in the literature; nevertheless, any causative interrelations of other sexually transmitted bacterial infections (STIs) with cervical HPV infection have not yet been fully elucidated. This study aimed to investigate the possible association of STIs with cervical cytology aberrations and HPV genotyping results in a representative sample of predominantly young Greek women. Liquid-based cytology and molecular detection for bacterial STIs and HPV as well as extended HPV genotyping were simultaneously assessed in cervical samples from 2256 individuals visiting several urban outpatient Gynecology Departments for well-woman visits or cervical screening throughout a 20-month period. All specimens were centrally processed with validated molecular assays. The mean age of the studied women was 37.0 ± 11.7 years; 722 women (33.30%) tested positive for STI (mean age 34.23 ± 10.87 years). A higher mean age (38.34 ± 11.83 years (p < 0.05)) was associated with negative STI testing. Chlamydia trachomatis was detected in 59 individuals (8.2%), Mycoplasma hominis in 156 (21.6%), Mycoplasma genitalium in 14 (1.9%), and Ureaplasma spp. in 555 (76.9%); infections with two bacterial pathogens were identified in 73 samples (10.1%). Cervical HPV was detected in 357 out of 1385 samples with a valid HPV typing result (25.8%). The mean age of HPV-positive women was 32.0 ± 8.4 years; individuals testing HPV-negative were slightly older (N = 1028): 34.4 ± 9.2 (p < 0.05). Among the 1371 individuals with valid results both for bacterial STIs and cervical HPV detection, women with an HPV-positive sample were more likely to harbor an STI (OR: 2.69, 95% CI 2.10–3.46, p < 0.05). Interestingly, bacterial STI positivity illustrated significant heterogeneity between NILM and LSIL cases, with 28.88% of NILM and 46.33% of LSIL cases harboring an STI, respectively (p < 0.05). In brief, in a population with a high prevalence for STIs, especially Ureaplasma spp., an association was documented between bacterial pathogen detection and cervical HPV infection, as well as abnormal cytology; these findings merit further investigation.

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Section: Bacterial Stis and Ureaplasma Spp In Particular As A Potenti...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cervical HPV Infections, Sexually Transmitted Bacterial Pathogens and Cytology Findings—A Molecular Epidemiology Study

Valasoulis,

Pouliakis,

Michail

et al. 2023

Pathogens

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Changes in the pharyngeal and nasal microbiota in pediatric patients with adenotonsillar hypertrophy

Del Chierico,

Piazzesi,

Fiscarelli

et al. 2024

Microbiol Spectr

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The present study aimed to investigate the pharyngeal and nasal microbiota composition in children with adenotonsillar hypertrophy (AH) and assess longitudinal alterations in both microbiota after a probiotic oral spray treatment. A cohort of 57 AH patients were enrolled and randomly assigned to the probiotic and placebo groups for a 5-month treatment course. Pharyngeal and nasal swabs were collected before and after treatment and analyzed by 16S rRNA-based metataxonomics and axenic cultures for pathobiont identification. 16S rRNA sequences from pharyngeal and nasal swabs of 65 healthy children (HC) were used as microbiota reference profiles. We found that the pharyngeal and nasal microbiota of AH children were similar. When compared to HC, we observed an increase of the genera Rothia , Granulicatella , Streptococcus , Neisseria , and Haemophilus , as well as a reduction of Corynebacterium , Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, and Moraxella in both microbiota of AH patients. After probiotic treatment, we confirmed the absence of adverse effects and a reduction of upper respiratory tract infections (URTI). Moreover, the composition of pharyngeal microbiota was positively influenced by the reduction of potential pathobionts, like Haemophilus spp., with an increase of beneficial microbial metabolic pathways. Finally, the probiotic reduced the abundance of the pathobionts Streptococcus mitis and Gemella haemolysans in relation to AH severity. In conclusion, our results highlight the alterations of the pharyngeal and nasal microbiota associated with AH. Moreover, probiotic administration conferred protection against URTI and reduced the presence of potential pathobionts in patients with AH. IMPORTANCE Adenotonsillar hypertrophy (AH) is considered the main cause of breathing disorders during sleep in children. AH patients, after significant morbidity and often multiple courses of antibiotics, often proceed to tonsillectomy and/or adenoidectomy. Given the potential risks associated with these procedures, there is a growing interest in the use of nonsurgical adjuvant therapies, such as probiotics, that could potentially reduce their need for surgical intervention. In this study, we investigated the pharyngeal and nasal microbiota in patients with AH compared with healthy children. Furthermore, we tested the effects of probiotic spray administration on both disease symptoms and microbiota profiles, to evaluate the possible use of this microbial therapy as an adjuvant for AH patients.

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Vaginal Microbial Network Analysis Reveals Novel Taxa Relationships among Adolescent and Young Women with Incident Sexually Transmitted Infection Compared with Those Remaining Persistently Negative over a 30-Month Period

Cited by 2 publications

References 39 publications

Cervical HPV Infections, Sexually Transmitted Bacterial Pathogens and Cytology Findings—A Molecular Epidemiology Study

Cervical HPV Infections, Sexually Transmitted Bacterial Pathogens and Cytology Findings—A Molecular Epidemiology Study

Changes in the pharyngeal and nasal microbiota in pediatric patients with adenotonsillar hypertrophy

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