Vagus nerve modulation using focused pulsed ultrasound: Potential applications and preliminary observations in a rat

Juan, Eduardo J.; González, Rafael Morales; Albors, Gabriel O.; Ward, Matthew; Irazoqui, Pedro P.

doi:10.1002/ima.22080

Cited by 66 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Investigating neural connectivity-how two connected regions interact by stimulating one area and recording in another-is the most straightforward application. Our approach was to perform the feasibility of such study by studying the interaction within the peripheral nervous system (43)(44)(45).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcranial ultrasonic stimulation modulates single-neuron discharge in macaques performing an antisaccade task

et al. 2017

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Our study demonstrates that the neuromodulatory effects of non-invasive focused ultrasound can be assessed in real time in awake behaving monkeys by recording discharge activity from a brain region reciprocally connected with the stimulated region. The study opens the door for further parametric studies for fine-tuning the ultrasonic parameters. The ultrasonic effect could indeed be quantified based on the direct measurement of the intensity of the modulation induced on a single neuron in a freely performing animal. The technique should be readily reproducible in other primate laboratories studying brain function, both for exploratory and therapeutic purposes and to facilitate the development of future clinical TUS devices.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcranial ultrasonic stimulation modulates single-neuron discharge in macaques performing an antisaccade task

et al. 2017

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“…We, along with some other research groups, have demonstrated that US stimulation on the PNS, with I SPTA between 1 and 200 W/cm 2 , is unlikely to induce a sufficient temperature change in the target region to elicit temperature-driven neuromodulation [43,47]. This intermediate intensity range has been explored on the PNS by several neuromodulation studies, which have been systematically reviewed in the subsequent sections.…”

Section: Intensitymentioning

confidence: 97%

A Review on Ultrasonic Neuromodulation of the Peripheral Nervous System: Enhanced or Suppressed Activities?

2019

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Ultrasonic (US) neuromodulation has emerged as a promising therapeutic means by delivering focused energy deep into the nervous tissue. Low-intensity ultrasound (US) directly activates and/or inhibits neurons in the central nervous system (CNS). US neuromodulation of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) is less developed and rarely used clinically. The literature on the neuromodulatory effects of US on the PNS is controversial, with some studies documenting enhanced neural activities, some showing suppressed activities, and others reporting mixed effects. US, with different ranges of intensity and strength, is likely to generate distinct physical effects in the stimulated neuronal tissues, which underlies different experimental outcomes in the literature. In this review, we summarize all the major reports that document the effects of US on peripheral nerve endings, axons, and/or somata in the dorsal root ganglion. In particular, we thoroughly discuss the potential impacts of the following key parameters on the study outcomes of PNS neuromodulation by US: frequency, pulse repetition frequency, duty cycle, intensity, metrics for peripheral neural activities, and type of biological preparations used in the studies. Potential mechanisms of peripheral US neuromodulation are summarized to provide a plausible interpretation of the seemly contradictory effects of enhanced and suppressed neural activities of US neuromodulation.

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“…Few studies have explored the cellular effects of focused thermal energy due to LIFU, but it is plausible that even small changes in temperature modulate excitability given the temperature dependence of membrane potentials of neurons [87]. Additionally, changes in temperature are known to affect ion channel conductance, enzymatic activity, and equilibrium potentials, resulting in complex dynamical changes of neuron firing rates [88][89][90].…”

Section: Low-intensity Ultrasoundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Focused Ultrasound for Neuromodulation

2019

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For more than 70 years, the promise of noninvasive neuromodulation using focused ultrasound has been growing while diagnostic ultrasound established itself as a foundation of clinical imaging. Significant technical challenges have been overcome to allow transcranial focused ultrasound to deliver spatially restricted energy into the nervous system at a wide range of intensities. High-intensity focused ultrasound produces reliable permanent lesions within the brain, and low-intensity focused ultrasound has been reported to both excite and inhibit neural activity reversibly. Despite intense interest in this promising new platform for noninvasive, highly focused neuromodulation, the underlying mechanism remains elusive, though recent studies provide further insight. Despite the barriers, the potential of focused ultrasound to deliver a range of permanent and reversible neuromodulation with seamless translation from bench to the bedside warrants unparalleled attention and scientific investment. Focused ultrasound boasts a number of key features such as multimodal compatibility, submillimeter steerable focusing, multifocal, high temporal resolution, coregistration, and the ability to monitor delivered therapy and temperatures in real time. Despite the technical complexity, the future of noninvasive focused ultrasound for neuromodulation as a neuroscience and clinical platform remains bright.

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Vagus nerve modulation using focused pulsed ultrasound: Potential applications and preliminary observations in a rat

Cited by 66 publications

References 15 publications

Transcranial ultrasonic stimulation modulates single-neuron discharge in macaques performing an antisaccade task

Transcranial ultrasonic stimulation modulates single-neuron discharge in macaques performing an antisaccade task

A Review on Ultrasonic Neuromodulation of the Peripheral Nervous System: Enhanced or Suppressed Activities?

Focused Ultrasound for Neuromodulation

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