Vaikų smurtinių traumų ypatumai

Abstract

Ávadas / tikslasVaikø smurtinës traumos aktualios visame pasaulyje, taip pat ir Lietuvoje. Ðiø traumø klinikiniai poþymiai nëra specifiniai, todël nesant tiksliø anamnezës duomenø ðiø traumø diagnostika nëra lengva. Ðio tyrimo tikslas -nustatyti vaikø smurtiniø traumø ypatumus, lyginant jas su atsitiktinëmis traumomis. MetodaiRetrospektyviai analizuota vaikø, gydytø Vilniaus universiteto vaikø ligoninëje 2001-2005 metais, medicininiai dokumentai. Tirta po 200 ligoniø, gydytø dël smurtiniø ir atsitiktiniø traumø stacionare ir po 100 ligoniø, gydytø ambulatoriðkai. Analizuotos traumø prieþastys, padariniai ir sunkumas. RezultataiVaikø smurtiniø ir atsitiktiniø traumø prieþastys buvo skirtingos. Smurtinëms traumoms buvo bûdingi galvos smegenø suþeidimai (55,5%), nosies kaulø, delnakauliø lûþiai, durtinës bei ðautinës þaizdos, dauginiai kûno sumuðimai. Jos buvo sunkesnës nei atsitiktinës traumos. Ðioms buvo bûdingi ávairiø kûno vietø sumuðimai, þaizdos, nudegimai, pavieniø kaulø lûþiai. IðvadosVaikø smurtiniø ir atsitiktiniø traumø prieþastys, suþeidimai ir sunkumas buvo skirtingi. Smurtinës traumos buvo daug sunkesnës pagal klinikinius kriterijus ir pediatrinae traumø skalae. Pagrindiniai þodþiai: vaikø smurtinës ir atsitiktinës traumos, ypatumai Background / objectiveChild abuse trauma is a concerning issue worldwide, also in Lithuania. Clinical signs of such traumas are not specific, therefore, in lack of definite anamnestic data, the diagnostics of child abuse traumas is complicated. The purpose of this research is to determine the features of child abuse traumas by comparing them to accidental traumas. J . L a b a n a u s k i e n ë , H . B e r n o t a s , B . S i a u r u s a i t i s Methods A retrospective study of medical documents was carried out with regard to the children treated at Vilnius University Children's Hospital in 2001-2005. The study included two groups. Each group included 200 in-patients and 100 outpatients with abuse and accidental traumas. The causes, consequences and severity of traumas were analyzed. ResultsCauses of child abuse traumas differed from those of accidental traumas. Child abuse traumas typically included cerebral affection (55.5% ), broken nasal and metacarpus bones, punctured and gunshot wounds and multiple body bruises. These traumas were more severe than accidental traumas which typically included bruises of different body parts, wounds, burns and single broken bones. ConclusionsThe causes, consequences and severity of child abuse traumas were different from those of accidental traumas. With regard to clinical criteria and according to the Pediatric Trauma Scale, abuse traumas were much more severe than accidental traumas.