Validated HPLC–PDA methodology utilized for simultaneous determination of Etoricoxib and Paracetamol in the presence of Paracetamol toxic impurities

Abstract

Etoricoxib (ETO), Paracetamol (PCM), and two toxic impurities for Paracetamol impurity K (4-aminophenol (PAP)) and impurity E (para-hydroxy acetophenone (PHA)) were separated using a simple and selective HPLC method that was tested for the first time. PCM is a commonly used analgesic and antipyretic medication that has recently been incorporated into COVID-19 supportive treatment. Pharmaceuticals containing PCM in combination with other analgesic-antipyretic drugs like ETO help to improve patient compliance. The studied drugs and impurities were separated on a GL Sciences Inertsil ODS-3 (250 × 4.6) mm, 5.0 µm column, and linear gradient elution was performed using 50 mM potassium dihydrogen phosphate adjusted to pH 4.0 with ortho-phosphoric acid and acetonitrile as mobile phase at 2.0 mL/min flow rate at 25 °C and UV detection at 220 nm. The linearity range was 1.5–30.0 µg/mL for ETO and PCM while 0.5–10.0 µg/mL for PAP and PHA, with correlation coefficients (r) for ETO, PCM, PAP, and PHA of 0.9999, 0.9993, 0.9996, and 0.9998, respectively. The proposed method could be used well for routine analysis in quality control laboratory.

A simple and rapid HPLC-UV method for the determination of valproic acid in human plasma using microwave-assisted derivatization with phenylhydrazine hydrochloride

“…Owing to the absence of a chromophore in the structure of VPA and a maximum absorption wavelength (λ max ) of 212 nm [ 19 ], its signal could interfere with solvent peaks, such as acetonitrile which has a UV cutoff of 190 nm [ 20 ]. To increase HPLC-UV method selectivity during VPA analysis, derivatization can be employed because it alters the absorption wavelength of VPA to a higher wavelength for the derivative.…”

Novel RP‐HPLC method for estimation of a newly developed combination of tizanidine and etoricoxib in rat plasma: Eight criteria for greens evaluation

“…[ 13 ] TIZ and ETC significantly reduced CRP levels in arthritic mice, indicating their potential as anti‐inflammatory agents. Several methods have been developed to determine TIZ in its pure and pharmaceutical forms while ETC has been quantified using various techniques, including HPLC, [ 14–22 ] UPLC, [ 23–25 ] and LC/MS. [ 26–30 ]…”

Greenness assessment of two chromatographic methods developed for the determination of Mupirocin in two binary mixtures along with its impurity

“…Green analytical chemistry (GAC) concepts are used to reduce environmental pollution and improve the health of analysts [ 1 ]. Several researches are reported in the literature for the determination of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) either alone or in combination with their impurities using green analytical approaches [ 2 – 4 ].…”