“…Expressions of stigma are social rejection, intolerance, avoidance, discrimination, stereotyping, and violence (Parker & Aggleton, 2003), which are all manifest in developing countries (Genberg et al, 2008; Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS, 2007). In the Latin American and Caribbean region, stigma and discrimination associated with HIV and AIDS represent a broad, significant obstacle to an effective response to HIV (Castro & Farmer, 2005;Franke, Muñoz, & Finnegan, 2010;Garcia, Koyama, & Grupo de Estudos em População, Sexualidade e Aids, 2008;Infante et al, 2006;Simon, Siniora, & Sprague, 2010). Historically, the two have been deeply linked to social inequalities, particularly with regard to gender, education, living status, and sexuality (Castro & Farmer, 2005;Garcia et al, 2008).…”