Validation and upgrading of the recommended cross section data of charged particle monitor reactions

Abstract

Abstract. An upgrade and validation test of the recommended cross section database for charged particle reactions used for monitoring incident particle beams, published by the IAEA in 2001, is presented. In this upgrading process experimental cross sections published earlier, and not yet included in the evaluation work, or data measured recently were collected and added to the initial database in order to improve the quality of the recommended data. In the study 8 proton, 5 deuteron, 3 helium-3 and 6 alpha particle induced monitor reactions on Al, Ti, Fe, Ni and Cu targets were included. In general the newly compiled experimental results support the previous recommended data, but in a few cases they influence the decision and result in a slightly different group of selected cross section data sets and hence in new recommended cross section values. Spline fitting method was used to calculate the new recommended data from the selected data sets. For benchmarking and validation of the recommended cross section data, experimental thick target yields were collected from literature and some were newly measured. All data sets were critically compared with the integral thick target yields deduced from the recommended cross sections. In this paper only one reaction for each type of bombarding particles is discussed. A comprehensive paper will be published elsewhere including the results for all the 22 investigated reactions.

Experimental study of the 165Ho(p,n) nuclear reaction for production of the therapeutic radioisotope 165Er

“…The energy degradation as a function of depth in the stack was determined by a calculation based on the well defined input energy and target thicknesses [15] and corrected on the basis of the re-measured excitation function of the monitor reaction by the method described in [16]. The standard data for the nat Ti(p,x) 48 V monitor reaction were taken from [17][18][19].…”

Reference Cross Sections for Charged-particle Monitor Reactions

“…An on-line version was made available at the medical portal www-nds.iaea.org/medical/monitor reactions.html . This database was partly updated by inclusion of new experimental data, corrections of factual errors and a systematic spline fit in 2007 [10][11][12]. Although the recommended cross sections were believed to be accurate enough to meet the demands of all current applications, further development of the evaluation methodology and more experiments were needed for determination of the uncertainties and their correlations.…”

Upgrade of IAEA recommended data of selected nuclear reactions for production of PET and SPECT isotopes

“…The on-line version of the database, containing tables of recommended cross sections and yields as well as all references, was made available at the IAEA webpage www-nds.iaea.org/medical/ [2]. This database was partly updated by inclusion of new experimental data, corrections of factual errors and spline fits of cross sections used for production of positron and gamma emitters in 2003-2005 [3,4] and for monitors in 2007 [5].…”

“…Decay data: T1 /2 =109.77(5) min; decay branches: : 3.27%, β + : 96.73%. Most abundant gammas: E γ = 511 keV, I γ = 193.46(8)%.…”

“…Decay data: T1 /2 =13.2235(19) h; decay branch: : 100%. Most abundant gammas: E γ = 158.97(5) keV, I γ = 83.3(4)%.…”