Validation of a Photovoltaic Module Energy Ratings Procedure at NREL

Marion, Bill; Kroposki, B.; Emery, Keith; Cueto, J. del; Myers, D.; Osterwald, C.R.

doi:10.2172/12187

Cited by 70 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 12 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…photocurrent) that a wire array might absorb in a day of operation as a non-tracking solar cell. This calculation combines the angle-and wavelength-dependent absorption measurements A(θ,λ) of each wire array with a standard reference spectrum that specifies the photon flux of direct normal radiation (Γ) at each hour (t) and wavelength (λ) throughout the day 17 . This spectrum represents direct solar insolation typical of a summer day in the southwest U.S. * Figure S10 depicts the FOM calculation and the associated simplifying conditions.…”

Section: Figure Of Merit Definitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced absorption and carrier collection in Si wire arrays for photovoltaic applications

et al. 2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Figure Of Merit Definitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced absorption and carrier collection in Si wire arrays for photovoltaic applications

et al. 2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…The observed absorption bands account for the variation of the resonant dielectric structure as a function of the angle of incidence. In order to evaluate the performance of the considered photovoltaic structure, we interpolated angle-resolved data [4] of the incident solar energy on a sunny day to match resolution of our absorption measurements represented in Fig. S4a and b.…”

Section: Optical Measurement On Bare Crystalline Siliconmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solar cell efficiency enhancement via light trapping in printable resonant dielectric nanosphere arrays

Grandidier

Weitekamp

Deceglie

et al. 2012

Physica Status Solidi (a)

113

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Silica nanosphere functionalizationSilica spheres of 700 nm diameter were obtained from Polysciences Inc. as a 10% (by weight) suspension in water. This suspension was filtered on a fine filtration frit, rinsed with tetrahydrofuran and acetone. The powder of spheres was washed with 10 mL of 1:1 methanol/HCl, and rinsed again with acetone. The mostly dried powder was then heated in an oven for 5 minutes at 110 °C and dried under vacuum overnight. To 25 mL toluene in a 50 mL round-bottomed flask, 786 mg of dry silica spheres were suspended and stirred. To this suspension was added 1 mL 3-aminopropyl(diethoxy)methyl silane. The suspension was stirred 72 hours, filtered on a fine frit, rinsed with toluene and dried in vacuo to yield 756 mg dry, amine-functionalized silica spheres. Langmuir-Blodgett depositionA ~1% (by weight) suspension for Langmuir-Blodgett deposition was prepared by suspending 235 mg of functionalized silica spheres in a solution of 4 mL ethanol and 17 mL methylene chloride. We first perform an isotherm measurement where we record the surface pressure of the water as a function of the surface area, which is reduced using the compression barriers of the LB trough. When the area of the trough is large, the surface pressure of the water is around 4 mN/m. The spheres are freely spread on the surface of the water. This is the so-called "gaseous" state. While the LB trough's barriers compress the spheres and reduce the area where the spheres stand on, the surface pressure slowly increases until 5 mN/m. The slope abruptly increases until 10 mN/m. This is the "liquid" state corresponding to a dense and condensed monolayer of hexagonally close packed spheres at the surface of the water. Upon further compression, the slope of the curve decreases and the monolayer collapses into multilayer structures. For our purpose, the optimal point is at the middle of the "liquid" condensed state where the spheres are well close packed and still form a monolayer. This point is reached when the surface pressure is around 7.5 mN/m. In a second step, knowing the optimal surface pressure for the deposition, we perform a dipping experiment. While the spheres are on the surface of the water in the "gaseous" state, we immerse the substrate into the LB trough. We then close the LB's barriers until the surface pressure reaches 7.5 mN/m. From that point, we slowly pull up the substrate at a rate of 1 mm/min while simultaneously keeping the surface pressure constant with a computer controlled feedback system between the electrobalance measuring of the surface pressure and the barrier moving mechanism. Consequently, the floating hexagonally close packed monolayer is adsorbed on the ITO surface. When the structure is totally removed from the water, the part that was initially immersed in the water is coated by a large area of nanoscale dielectric nanospheres on its entire surface. Transfer printing preparationPoly(vinyl alcohol) (avg. MW = 10,000 g/mol, 88% hydrolyzed, Sigma Aldrich) was spin cast from an aqueous solution containing ...

show abstract

“…For instance, in a report by Marion, et. al [12] the CdTe module studied had a 15% higher relative output at 50°C compared to the c-Si module, while in Whitaker and J.D. Newmiller [13] the output was only 3% higher.…”

Section: Performance Of Modules Under Non-standard Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 85%

Technology Support for High-Throughput Processing of Thin-Film CdTe PV Modules Annual Technical Report, Phase II

Rose¹,

Powell²,

Карпов³

et al. 2001

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Validation of a Photovoltaic Module Energy Ratings Procedure at NREL

Cited by 70 publications

References 12 publications

Enhanced absorption and carrier collection in Si wire arrays for photovoltaic applications

Enhanced absorption and carrier collection in Si wire arrays for photovoltaic applications

Solar cell efficiency enhancement via light trapping in printable resonant dielectric nanosphere arrays

Technology Support for High-Throughput Processing of Thin-Film CdTe PV Modules Annual Technical Report, Phase II

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About