Validation of a Robust Cyber Shield for a Grid Connected PV Inverter System via Digital Watermarking Principle

Ramos-Ruiz, Jorge; Ibrahim, Hasan; Kim, Jae-Won; Ko, Woo Hyun; Huang, Tong; Enjeti, P.N.; Xie, Le

doi:10.1109/pedg51384.2021.9494227

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 4 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In 2020, paper [35] introduced an active detection scheme based on the dynamic watermarking technique [36] [37] for cyberattacks in grid-tied PV systems. Further, in 2021 the dynamic watermarking technique was applied to detect the problem of attacks on sensor measurements, which forms a "robust cyber shield" named for grid-connected PV inverter system [38]. The tampering behavior on sensor measurements, a kind of fault data injection, can be detected to avoid instability in power inverter systems.…”

Section: ) Watermarking Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The dynamic watermarking test equations are derived from the mathematical expression of the inverter control system for cyberattack judgment. The matrices "A" and "B" in these test equations are calculated from the system identification methodology [38]. The performance of the proposed robust cyber shield was demonstrated in simulation and experimental tests on a test system of a 5 kW PV inverter connected to a 240 V grid.…”

Section: ) Watermarking Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A Review of Cybersecurity in Grid-Connected Power Electronics Converters: Vulnerabilities, Countermeasures, and Testbeds

Fu,

Lichtenwalner,

Johnson

2023

IEEE Access

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

With the increasing installations of solar energy, electric vehicles, and other distributed energy resources and the deeper developments of digitalization and standardization, cybersecurity became more and more essential and critical in modern power systems. Unfortunately, most prior research work focuses on the cybersecurity of power transmission and distribution networks other than distributed energy devices and their grid-connected power converters. Focusing on the Grid-Connected Power Electronics Converters (GCPECs), this article does a comprehensive review of existing outcomes from selected references, in the aspects of vulnerabilities, countermeasures, and testbeds. By analyzing the GCPEC's layout and countermeasure candidates, it is found that the vulnerabilities of GCPECs include both cyber and physical layers that are easily accessible to malicious hackers. These vulnerabilities in the two layers must be considered simultaneously and coordinate well with each other. Especially, hardware hardening is an essential approach to enhance cybersecurity within GCPECs. It is also noticed that the detection and mitigation approaches should consider the complexity of algorithms to be applied and assess the limits of computing and data processing capabilities in GCPECs while evaluating the feasibility of countermeasure candidates to cyberattacks in testbeds. In addition, the countermeasures should meet relevant standards, such as IEEE-1547.1, IEEE-2030.5, IEC-61850, and IEC-62351, to ensure the interoperability and cybersecurity of GCPEC devices in smart grids. Finally, based on the review and analysis, four recommendations are raised for future research on GCPEC's cybersecurity and their applications in smart grids.

show abstract