Validation of an instrument for perceived factors affecting fruit and vegetable intake based on Pender's health promotion model

Abstract

Increasing fruit and vegetable (F&V) intake has a protective role against chronic conditions such as cardiovascular disease, cancer and diabetes. The present study aimed to validate an instrument for measuring the perception of effective factors on consumption behaviour of F&V based on Pender's health promotion model (HPM).This cross-sectional validation survey has consisted of five steps: literature review in order to plan and develop an instrument, face validity assessment, content validity assessment, reliability assessment and construct validity assessment with the cooperation of experts in health education, nutritionists and the target group (government employees). In the present study, reliability and validity of constructs were determined through Cronbach's alpha and exploratory factor analysis, respectively, in SPSS 22. The mean impact score was acceptable for 96·42 % of items in face validity. The mean scores of content validity ratio (CVR), content validity index (CVI) and reliability were 0·92, 0·97 and 0·96, respectively. According to the principal component analysis with varimax rotation, 104 items were identified in 15 factors contributing to 61·17 % of the model cumulative variance. Given the favourable scores of the research instrument in face validity, content validity and reliability as well as its ability to predict the extracted factors from the model, it can be used as a suitable instrument in future studies.

Improving Interventions on Cardiovascular Disease and Diet: A Policy Incentive Analysis

“…Pender's Health Promotion Model (HPM) (Figure A5) was founded by Dr. Nola Pender in 1982 [40]. Thus, [41], a cross-sectional study, with no evidence level available, stated perceptions of fruit/vegetable consumption impacted by Pender's HPM with the following constructs: "previous relevant behavior, perceived barriers, perceived self-efficacy, behavior-related emotions, perceived benefits, interpersonal influences, situational influences, commitment to an action plan, immediate preferences and demand, motivational factors, and behavioral outcome" [41]. It was concluded that this model was effective to evaluate behavioral outcomes of health promotion [41].…”