Validation of an “Intelligent Mouthguard” Single Event Head Impact Dosimeter

Bartsch, Adam; Samorezov, Sergey; Benzel, Edward C.; Miele, Vincent; Brett, Dan J. L.

doi:10.4271/2014-22-0001

Cited by 59 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The resonance led to errors in peak acceleration measurements, but root-mean-squared (RMS) acceleration errors were still within 10%. Bartsch et al (2014) also demonstrated accuracy using a dummy head that does not have a lower jaw to clamp the mouthguard.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vivo Evaluation of Wearable Head Impact Sensors

et al. 2015

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Inertial sensors are commonly used to measure human head motion.(R1–3) Some sensors have been tested with dummy or cadaver experiments with mixed results, and methods to evaluate sensors in vivo are lacking. Here we present an in vivo(R3–10) method using high speed video to test teeth-mounted (mouthguard), soft tissue-mounted (skin patch), and headgear-mounted (skull cap) sensors during 6–13g(R1–20) sagittal soccer head impacts. Sensor coupling to the skull (R1–3) was quantified by displacement from an ear-canal reference. Mouthguard displacements were within video measurement error (<1mm), while the skin patch and skull cap displaced up to 4mm and 13mm from the ear-canal reference, respectively. We used the mouthguard, which had the least displacement from skull (R1–5), as the reference to assess 6-degree-of-freedom skin patch and skull cap measurements. Linear and rotational acceleration magnitudes were over-predicted by both the skin patch (with 120% NRMS error for amag, 290% for αmag(R1–6)) and the skull cap (320% NRMS error for amag, 500% for αmag(R1–6)). Such over-predictions were largely due to out-of-plane motion. To model sensor error, we found that in-plane skin patch acceleration peaks in the anterior-posterior direction could be modeled by an underdamped viscoelastic system. In summary, the mouthguard showed tighter skull coupling than the other sensor mounting approaches(R1–7). Furthermore, the in vivo methods presented are valuable for investigating skull acceleration sensor technologies.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vivo Evaluation of Wearable Head Impact Sensors

et al. 2015

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“…Sports-related concussion is one of the most frequent injuries in collision sports, such as, rugby union, American football, ice hockey and boxing, with injury indices reported from 12-33% for all time-loss injuries [1][2][3]. Concussive injury and neurocognitive deterioration following repetitive head impacts in these sports has been widely addressed in scientific literature [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. A major theme running through these studies is the need to accurately identify and quantify head impact exposure (HIE), where HIE explicitly refers to the number of head accelerations, above a normal threshold, experienced by an individual participating in contact sports.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A major theme running through these studies is the need to accurately identify and quantify head impact exposure (HIE), where HIE explicitly refers to the number of head accelerations, above a normal threshold, experienced by an individual participating in contact sports. This number is an important factor in determining any correspondence between sport dependent impact exposure and the immediate and long-term neurocognitive outcome of the individual [6,11,15]. As a result, there are many varied studies dedicated to deriving appropriate methods and metrics to quantify and characterize HIE in collision sports [9][10][11][15][16][17][18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of head impact measurements via an instrumented mouthguard and an anthropometric testing device

et al. 2020

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The purpose of this study was to determine and compare the efficacy of head impact measurements via an electronic sensor framework, embedded within a mouthguard, against an anthropometric testing device. Development of the former is in response to the growing issue of head impacts and concussion in rugby union. Testing was conducted in a vehicle safety laboratory using a standard impact protocol utilising the headforms of anthropometric testing devices. The headforms were subjected to controlled front and side impacts. For each impact, the linear acceleration and rotational velocity was measured over a 104-ms interval at a frequency of 1 kHz. The magnitude of peak linear acceleration and peak rotational velocity was determined from the measured time-series traces and statistically compared. The peak linear acceleration and rotational velocity had intraclass correlation coefficients of 0.95 and 0.99, respectively. The root-mean-square error between the measurement systems was 4.3 g with a standard deviation of 3.5 g for peak linear acceleration and 0.7 rad/s with a standard deviation of 0.4 rad/s for rotational velocity. Bland and Altman analysis indicated a systematic bias of 2.5 g and − 0.5 rad/s and limits of agreement (1.96 × standard deviation) of ± 13.1 g and ± 1.25 rad/s for the instrumented mouthguard. These results provide the basis on which the instrumented mouthguard can be further developed for deployment and application within professional rugby, with a view to accurately and reliably quantify head collision dynamics.

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“…2009; Rowson et al 2011;Camarillo et al 2013;Bartsch et al 2014). While the accuracy of these devices is still a subject of investigation (Jadischke et al 2013;Kuo et al 2016;Siegmund et al 2016;Wu et al 2016), criteria derived from skull measurements have been found to predict mTBI (Ommaya et al 1966;Rowson et al 2012;Hernandez et al 2015a;Hernandez and Camarillo 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lateral impacts correlate with falx cerebri displacement and corpus callosum trauma in sports-related concussions

Hernandez

Giordano

Goubran

et al. 2019

Biomech Model Mechanobiol

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Corpus callosum trauma has long been implicated in mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), yet the mechanism by which forces penetrate this structure is unknown. We investigated the hypothesis that coronal and horizontal rotations produce motion of the falx cerebri that damages the corpus callosum. We analyzed previously published head kinematics of 115 sports impacts (2 diagnosed mTBI) measured with instrumented mouthguards and used finite element (FE) simulations to correlate falx displacement with corpus callosum deformation. Peak coronal accelerations were larger in impacts with mTBI (8592 rad/ s 2 avg.) than those without (1412 rad/s 2 avg.). From FE simulations, coronal acceleration was strongly correlated with deep lateral motion of the falx center (r = 0.85), while horizontal acceleration was correlated with deep lateral motion of the falx periphery (r > 0.78). Larger lateral displacement at the falx center and periphery was correlated with higher tract-oriented strains in the corpus callosum body (r = 0.91) and genu/splenium (r > 0.72), respectively. The relationship between the corpus callosum and falx was unique: removing the falx from the FE model halved peak strains in the corpus callosum from 35% to 17%. Consistent with model results, we found indications of corpus callosum trauma in diffusion tensor imaging of the mTBI athletes. For a measured alteration of consciousness, depressed fractional anisotropy and increased mean diffusivity indicated possible damage to the mid-posterior corpus callosum. Our results suggest that the corpus callosum may be sensitive to coronal and horizontal rotations because they drive lateral motion of a relatively stiff membrane, the falx, in the direction of commissural fibers below.

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Validation of an “Intelligent Mouthguard” Single Event Head Impact Dosimeter

Cited by 59 publications

References 35 publications

In Vivo Evaluation of Wearable Head Impact Sensors

In Vivo Evaluation of Wearable Head Impact Sensors

Comparison of head impact measurements via an instrumented mouthguard and an anthropometric testing device

Lateral impacts correlate with falx cerebri displacement and corpus callosum trauma in sports-related concussions

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