Validation of breath biomarkers for obstructive sleep apnea

Nowak, Nora; Engler, Andrea; Thiel, Sira; Stöberl, Anna S.; Sinués, Pablo Martínez-Lozano; Zenobi, Renato; Kohler, Malcolm

doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2021.06.040

Cited by 18 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Metabolite concentrations from the control cohort will be used to establish normal metabolite concentrations that will be used to determine any differences between cohorts. A sevenfold cross-validation will be adopted to evaluate the differences between metabolite concentrations across cohorts 48 49…”

Section: Methods and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Orthodontic interventions as a management option for children with residual obstructive sleep apnea: a cohort study protocol

et al. 2022

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Introduction Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is a sleep-breathing disorder that seems likely to have long-term negative social and health consequences in children and adolescents. There are no established standard management approaches when the first line of therapy, the tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy (T&A), is not indicated or fails to address paediatric OSA (residual paediatric OSA). This protocol describes a prospective cohort study that aims to assess the effectiveness of orthodontic interventions for managing residual paediatric OSA in patients with concomitant craniofacial issues. Methods and analysis Children aged 6–16 years who with an OSA diagnosis and did not benefit from previous T&A or qualified for T&A will be recruited. Orthodontic intervention(s), when adequately indicated (maxillary expansion, mandibular advancement or maxillary complex advancement with skeletal anchored headgear), and a control (orthodontic intervention declined) cohorts will be involved. A sample size of 70 participants (n=35 per cohort) is planned. Effectiveness data will be assessed through nocturnal polysomnography, a craniofacial index, sleep questionnaires and medical records. Additionally, the association of residual OSA and two comorbidities, obesity and asthma, will be investigated through assessing blood, urine and saliva metabolites. The changes on body mass index will also be investigated as a secondary outcome. Other additional outcomes, including association between residual paediatric OSA and periodic limbs movement, restless leg syndrome, insomnia, and the use of abiometric shirt to sleep monitoring purposes will also be considered. All participants will be followed up for 12 months after treatment allocation. The effectiveness of the intervention will be analysed by the assessment of sleep parameters, medical history (from medical chart reviews), questionnaire responses, craniofacial characteristics and metabolomic markers using an algorithm to be developed. Ethics and dissemination This study was approved by the Health Research Ethics Board-Health Panel, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (Pro00084763). The findings will be shared with scientific and patient content-specific social network communities to maximise their impact on clinical practice and future research in the study topic. Trial registration number NCT03821831; Pre-results.

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Section: Methods and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A sevenfold cross-validation will be adopted to evaluate the differences between metabolite concentrations across cohorts. 48 49 …”

Section: Methods and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Orthodontic interventions as a management option for children with residual obstructive sleep apnea: a cohort study protocol

et al. 2022

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“…It is a particularly underdiagnosed disease, and the procedures that are available for diagnosis are expensive and time‐consuming. SESI‐MS was recently applied to the analysis of exhaled breath in a cohort of suspected OSA patients 36 . A classification model was built using data from a previous study as a training set, and was subsequently applied to data from this independent validation study.…”

Section: Applications Of Ambient Ionization Mass Spectrometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of ambient ionization mass spectrometry in 2021: An annual review

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Turner

et al. 2022

Analytical Science Advances

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Ambient ionization mass spectrometry (AIMS) has revolutionized the field of analytical chemistry, enabling the rapid, direct analysis of samples in their native state. Since the inception of AIMS almost 20 years ago, the analytical community has driven the further development of this suite of techniques, motivated by the plentiful advantages offered in addition to traditional mass spectrometry. Workflows can be simplified through the elimination of sample preparation, analysis times can be significantly reduced and analysis remote from the traditional laboratory space has become a real possibility. As such, the interest in AIMS has rapidly spread through analytical communities worldwide, and AIMS techniques are increasingly being integrated with standard laboratory operations. This annual review covers applications of AIMS techniques throughout 2021, with a specific focus on AIMS applications in a number of key fields of research including disease diagnostics, forensics and security, food safety testing and environmental sciences. While some new techniques are introduced, the focus in AIMS research is increasingly shifting from the development of novel techniques toward efforts to improve existing AIMS techniques, particularly in terms of reproducibility, quantification and ease-of-use.

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“…Previous studies showed that the method is capable of detecting putative biomarkers for respiratory diseases [ 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ], as well as entire series of related compounds and metabolic pathways [ 11 , 12 , 13 ]. Validation and translation of the exhaled biomarkers into clinical settings represents an on-going challenge [ 14 ]. The coupling of the SESI source to a high-resolution mass spectrometer opens the door to exact compound identification of the m / z features of interest [ 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Exhaled Metabolites in Children with Cystic Fibrosis

et al. 2022

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The early detection of inflammation and infection is important to prevent irreversible lung damage in cystic fibrosis. Novel and non-invasive monitoring tools would be of high benefit for the quality of life of patients. Our group previously detected over 100 exhaled mass-to-charge (m/z) features, using on-line secondary electrospray ionization high-resolution mass spectrometry (SESI-HRMS), which distinguish children with cystic fibrosis from healthy controls. The aim of this study was to annotate as many m/z features as possible with putative chemical structures. Compound identification was performed by applying a rigorous workflow, which included the analysis of on-line MS2 spectra and a literature comparison. A total of 49 discriminatory exhaled compounds were putatively identified. A group of compounds including glycolic acid, glyceric acid and xanthine were elevated in the cystic fibrosis group. A large group of acylcarnitines and aldehydes were found to be decreased in cystic fibrosis. The proposed compound identification workflow was used to identify signatures of volatile organic compounds that discriminate children with cystic fibrosis from healthy controls, which is the first step for future non-invasive and personalized applications.

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Validation of breath biomarkers for obstructive sleep apnea

Cited by 18 publications

References 39 publications

Orthodontic interventions as a management option for children with residual obstructive sleep apnea: a cohort study protocol

Orthodontic interventions as a management option for children with residual obstructive sleep apnea: a cohort study protocol

Applications of ambient ionization mass spectrometry in 2021: An annual review

Identification of Exhaled Metabolites in Children with Cystic Fibrosis

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