Validation of Daily Increment Formation in Otoliths from Spring Chinook Salmon

Chittaro, Paul M.; Zabel, Richard W.; Beckman, Brian R.; Larsen, Donald A.; Tillotson, Abby

doi:10.3955/046.089.0107

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…A subsample of ten otoliths were reevaluated three times in a blind precision study, with a final precision rate of over 90% for all averaged measurements (> 95% for most). When counting daily growth rings, we assumed that visual otolith increments approximated daily growth and counted a minimum of seven daily rings to account for natural variability (Chittaro et al 2015). We avoided using the width of outermost increments in our growth measurements, as these may still have been forming at capture and are prone to damage during preparation (Campana 2001).…”

Section: Otolith Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chinook salmon exhibit long-term rearing and early marine growth in the Fraser River, British Columbia, a large urban estuary

Chalifour

Scott

MacDuffee

et al. 2021

Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.

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Estuaries represent a transition zone for salmon migrating from freshwater to marine waters, yet their contribution to juvenile growth is poorly quantified. Here, we use genetic stock identification and otolith analyses to quantify estuarine habitat use by Chinook salmon (<i>Oncorhynchus tshawytscha</i>) – the Pacific salmon species considered most reliant on this habitat – in Canada’s most productive salmon river, the Fraser. Two years of sampling revealed subyearling migrant (“ocean-type”) Chinook from the Harrison River to be the estuary’s dominant salmon population throughout the emigration period. These Chinook salmon were caught predominantly in the estuary’s brackish marshes but shifted to more saline habitats as they grew. Otolith analyses indicated that these Chinook salmon have wide-ranging entry timing (from February to May), and longer estuarine residency (weeks to months, mean 41.8 days) than estimated by prior studies, but similar daily growth rates (mean 0.57 mm +/- 0.13 SD) across entry dates and residency periods, implying sufficient foraging opportunities throughout the emigration period and habitats. Together, these results suggest that estuarine habitat is more important for early marine growth of subyearling migrant Chinook salmon than previously recognized.

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Section: Otolith Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chinook salmon exhibit long-term rearing and early marine growth in the Fraser River, British Columbia, a large urban estuary

Chalifour

Scott

MacDuffee

et al. 2021

Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.

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“…Back-calculation of fish length at a previous age is estimated by aging a hard structure and measuring its radius to a specific growth increment or annulus (Baumann et al 2013). Most fish species deposit regular increments on hard structures (Fisher and Pearcy 1990;Chittaro et al 2015), and increment-deposition frequency may be daily (i.e., otoliths; Bradford and Geen 1992;Bestgen and Bundy 1998) or related to growth rate (i.e., scales; Beamish et al 2004).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth‐Increment Formation Using Otoliths and Scales for Age‐0 Chinook Salmon

Walker

Sutton

2016

N American J Fish Manag

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Retrospective analysis is used to reconstruct fish body size at previous ages, with size and growth assumed to be accurately reflected by scale circuli and otolith increments. Using a 122‐d laboratory experiment, this study validated the relationship between fish body size and growth with scale circuli and otolith daily growth increments for age‐0 Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha. Somatic growth was accurately reflected by growth in scale radius and growth in otolith diameter, indicating that growth in these two measures was proportional to growth in fish length. Although the width between scale circuli reflected somatic growth, daily growth was not accurately reflected by the width between corresponding otolith daily increments. Study results showed that fish deposited new otolith increments on a daily basis, but that new scale circuli were deposited at each successive increase of 5 to 6 mm in total length. These findings provide a foundation for future retrospective growth analyses involving Chinook Salmon and allow for the conversion of otolith and scale measurements into fish lengths, which are meaningful in studies of growth and survival. Received November 5, 2015; accepted April 8, 2016 Published online August 26, 2016

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“…There will also be a role for other methods in future sampling, including estimates of growth from otolith and insulin-like growth factor (IGF) measurements. For example, there is some preliminary but suggestive evidence that Portland Harbor west bank migrants have a modified growth rate relative to east bank fish [data unpublished, methods from [ 68 ]].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Legacy habitat contamination as a limiting factor for Chinook salmon recovery in the Willamette Basin, Oregon, USA

et al. 2019

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In the western United States, the long-term recovery of many Pacific salmon populations is inextricably linked to freshwater habitat quality. Industrial activities from the past century have left a legacy of pollutants that persist, particularly near working waterfronts. The adverse impacts of these contaminants on salmon health have been studied for decades, but the population-scale consequences of chemical exposure for salmonids are still poorly understood. We estimated acute and delayed mortality rates for seaward migrating juvenile Chinook salmon that feed and grow in a Superfund-designated area in the Lower Willamette River in Portland, Oregon. We combined previous, field-collected exposure data for juvenile Chinook salmon together with reduced growth and disease resistance data from earlier field and laboratory studies. Estimates of mortality were then incorporated into a life cycle model to explore chemical habitat-related fish loss. We found that 54% improved juvenile survival—potentially as a result of future remediation activities—could increase adult Chinook salmon population abundance by more than 20%. This study provides a framework for evaluating pollution remediation as a positive driver for species recovery.

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Validation of Daily Increment Formation in Otoliths from Spring Chinook Salmon

Cited by 8 publications

References 21 publications

Chinook salmon exhibit long-term rearing and early marine growth in the Fraser River, British Columbia, a large urban estuary

Chinook salmon exhibit long-term rearing and early marine growth in the Fraser River, British Columbia, a large urban estuary

Growth‐Increment Formation Using Otoliths and Scales for Age‐0 Chinook Salmon

Legacy habitat contamination as a limiting factor for Chinook salmon recovery in the Willamette Basin, Oregon, USA

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