Helicobacter pylori infection remains the leading cause of a number of gastroduodenal diseases. Although various eradication regimens are used to reduce associated morbidity and mortality, the prevalence of this bacterial infection is still disproportionately high worldwide, mainly due to antibiotic resistance. In these conditions, it is very important to strictly follow the basic recommendations for choosing an eradication therapy scheme. This article provides an overview of current Russian and international consensus guidelines and recommendations for the treatment of helicobacter infection. The results of various studies, including our own, are presented to assess the compliance of real practice in the management of patients with Helicobacter pylori infection with current clinical recommendations.