Validation of Diesel Fraction Content in Heavy Oils Measured by High Temperature Simulated Distillation and Physical Vacuum Distillation by Performance of Commercial Distillation Test and Process Simulation

Stratiev, Dicho; Shishkova, Ivelina; Ivanov, Mihail; Dinkov, Rosen; Argirov, Georgi; Vasilev, Svetlin; Yordanov, Dobromir

doi:10.3390/app122211824

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Another option for rapid and accurate determination of the TBP distillation curve could be the combination of the ASTM D 86 method with HTSD, which was shown to be equivalent to TBP for petroleum fluids boiling at temperatures above 180 °C [56], which would take 4 h instead of the three working days required for TBP analysis. While the TBP characteristics of a crude oil can be quickly obtained using the methods mentioned above, the density of oil fractions, a very important parameter in oil characterization [43,[57][58][59][60][61][62][63]] cannot be simulated. The assumption that the Kw-characterization factor is invariable throughout the petroleum [64][65][66] is not valid for the studied eleven crude oils as shown in Figure 12.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experience in Processing Alternative Crude Oils to Replace Design Oil in the Refinery

Stratiev,

Shiskova,

Toteva

et al. 2024

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A comprehensive investigation of a highly complex petroleum refinery (Nelson complexity index of 10.7) during the processing of 11 crude oils and an imported atmospheric residue replacing the design Urals crude oil was performed. Various laboratory oil tests were carried out to characterize both crude oils, and their fractions. The results of oil laboratory assays along with intercriteria and regression analyses were employed to find quantitative relations between crude oil mixture quality and refining unit performance. It was found that the acidity of petroleum cannot be judged by its total acid number, and acid crudes with lower than 0.5 mg KOH/g and low sulphur content required repeated caustic treatment enhancement and provoked increased corrosion rate and sodium contamination of the hydrocracking catalyst. Increased fouling in the H-Oil hydrocracker was observed during the transfer of design Urals crude oil to other petroleum crudes. The vacuum residues with higher sulphur, lower nitrogen contents, and a lower colloidal instability index provide a higher conversion rate and lower fouling rate in the H-Oil unit. The regression equations developed in this work allow quantitative assessment of the performance of crucial refining units like the H-Oil, fluid catalytic cracker, naphtha reformer, and gas oil hydrotreatment based on laboratory oil test results.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experience in Processing Alternative Crude Oils to Replace Design Oil in the Refinery

Stratiev,

Shiskova,

Toteva

et al. 2024

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“…Initially, this raw material was seen as a promising option to reduce the extraction and use of traditional fuels. However, worries have arisen about the use of food crops as raw materials and their impact on arable land, biodiversity and global food needs [14][15][16][17]. Biofuels of the second generation are produced from non-food lignocellulose or wood biomass as well as agricultural waste.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Approach for Synthesizing Fatty Acid Esters from Linoleic-Type Vegetable Oil

Kosolapova,

Smal,

Rudko

et al. 2023

Processes

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Countries around the world recognize the numerous social, economic and environmental advantages of promoting liquid biofuels. They invest in its development and introduce tax incentives for its manufacture and tariffs of production regulation. In most studies, the process of synthesizing fatty acid esters takes a long time from 1 to 8 h. In this work, the synthesis of fatty acid esters was carried out in the range of volumetric ratios of ethanol to linoleic type oil in order to increase the kinetics of the process. The main parameters of the synthesis were studied by use of magnetic stirred tank reactors in a parallel reactor system, H.E.L. The synthesis was carried out in the presence of a homogeneous alkaline catalyst. The volumetric ratio of ethanol to oil was maintained at 1:1, 2:1, 3:1, 4:1 and 5:1. The amount of catalyst added to the reaction mixture ranged from 0.25 to 2.5% by the weight of the reaction alcohol. The dryness of ethanol varied from 91 to 99%. Effective process conditions have been established to reduce the reaction time from 2.5 h to 5 min while maintaining a high degree of conversion. The results obtained during the study suggest the possibility of using a continuous reactor to produce fatty acid esters from linoleic raw materials containing up to 16% of free fatty acids. This also means the possibility of using second generation biofuel feedstock.

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Revamping Fluid Catalytic Cracking Unit, and Optimizing Catalyst to Process Heavier Feeds

et al. 2023

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H-Oil gas oils have a higher density and higher nitrogen content, and consequently much lower reactivity than straight-run vacuum gas oils during fluid catalytic cracking (FCC). The conversion of H-Oil gas oils observed in a laboratory catalytic cracking unit at constant operating conditions showed a 20 wt.% lower conversion rate than straight-run hydrotreated vacuum gas oil. Thus, a revamp of commercial FCC units, and the selection of a higher activity catalyst with lower coke selectivity is needed to provide the stable trouble-free operation of the unit. The performed revamp of the commercial FCC unit allowed a stable operation at a higher throughput. It also allowed an increased riser outlet temperature from 532 to 550 °C; increased maximum allowable regenerator temperature from 705 to 730 °C; decreased afterburning from 12 to 6 °C; decreased NOx emissions in the flue gas from 250 to 160 mg/Nm3; improved catalyst regeneration; decreased catalyst losses to 0.0142 kg/t feed; and improved catalyst circulation at a higher throughput. It was confirmed in the commercial FCC unit that the H-Oil light vacuum gas oil is the least reactive H-Oil gas oil during catalytic cracking.

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Validation of Diesel Fraction Content in Heavy Oils Measured by High Temperature Simulated Distillation and Physical Vacuum Distillation by Performance of Commercial Distillation Test and Process Simulation

Cited by 5 publications

References 26 publications

Experience in Processing Alternative Crude Oils to Replace Design Oil in the Refinery

Experience in Processing Alternative Crude Oils to Replace Design Oil in the Refinery

A New Approach for Synthesizing Fatty Acid Esters from Linoleic-Type Vegetable Oil

Revamping Fluid Catalytic Cracking Unit, and Optimizing Catalyst to Process Heavier Feeds

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