Validation of HYDRUS-1D for Predicting of Soil Moisture Content with Hysteresis Effect

Abstract

HYDRUS-1D program is commonly used to estimate soil moisture, solute, and temperature flow in saturated and unsaturated zone under different initials and boundary conditions. The aim of the work was to validate the efficiency of HYDRUS-1D program for predicting soil moisture and temperature dynamics with hysteresis using HYDRUS-1D for clay loam Albic Glossic Retisols (Lomic, Cutanic) soils. The efficiency of HYDRUS-1D was determined by comparing field experiment measurements of soil moisture and temperature dynamics with its calculated soil moisture and temperature dynamics by HYDRUS-1D based on soil physical properties. The distribution and the values of measured soil moisture and temperature dynamics in the field were close to its calculated soil moisture and temperature using HYDRUS-1D with hysteresis effect of soil water retention. HYDRUS-1D program can be used for simulation of soil moisture and temperature dynamics, but more accurate calculations are possible when using the hysteresis effect of soil moisture retention curve for Сlay loam and silty Сlay loam soils.

Physical Education in High School: The Contribution of Noble Values in Sports

“…The process of physical education has relevant results from various lines. According to Shein et al, (2019) Sports instruments are very effective for students as values that can be learned, including cooperation, communication, respect for rules, problem-solving, understanding, relationships with others, leadership, respect for others, business values, ways how to win, how to lose, how to manage competition, fair play, sharing, self-respect, trust, honesty, self-respect, tolerance, resilience, teamwork, discipline, and self-confidence. According to Vural & Kirbaş (2020), physical education has the motto Altius, Citius, Fortius, which is used in the Olympics.…”