Validation of medical service insurance claims as a surrogate for ascertaining vitiligo cases

Abstract

Background: The epidemiology of vitiligo, especially its disease burden on the healthcare system, can be assessed indirectly by analyzing health insurance claims data. Validating this approach is integral to ensuring accurate case identi cation and cohort characterization.Objectives: The primary aim of this study was to develop and validate an indirect measure of vitiligo ascertainment using health insurance claims data. These data were used secondarily to identify demographic characteristics, body site involvement, vitiligo subtypes, disease associations, and treatments.Methods: This study assessed the validity of identifying vitiligo from billing claims within a Canadian provincial universal health insurance program, versus vitiligo cases accrued from direct medical chart reviews. Claims-based algorithms combining ICD-9-CM diagnostic code 709 with treatment-speci c data were derived and tested to identify vitiligo patients. This was compared against cases arising from the manual review of medical records of 606 patient with a diagnostic code for "dyschromia" (ICD-9-CM diagnostic code 709) from January 1 to December 31, 2016.Results: Based on the chart reviews, 204 (33.7%) patients were con rmed to have vitiligo. 42 separate claims-based algorithms combining ICD-9-CM diagnostic code 709 with treatment data speci c to vitiligo were modelled and individually tested to evaluate their accuracy for vitiligo ascertainment. One algorithm achieved a sensitivity, speci city, PPV and NPV of 86.8% (95% CI 82.1-91.4), 92.5% (95% CI 90.0-95.1), 85.5% (95% CI 80.7-90.3), and 93.2% (95% CI 90.8-95.7), respectively. There was a 2.2 female to male ratio. The most common medical treatments were tacrolimus (74.5%) and topical corticosteroids (54.3%). Hypertension (24.2%) and hypothyroidism (19.6%) were the predominant co-morbidities associated with vitiligo.Conclusions: Health insurance claims data can be used to indirectly ascertain vitiligo for epidemiologic purposes with relatively high diagnostic performance between 85.5-93.2%.

The Assessment of Infection Risk in Patients with Vitiligo Undergoing Dialysis for End-Stage Renal Disease: A Retrospective Cohort Study

“…Our analysis of the data revealed that vitiligo was diagnosed in 0.04% of the included patients with ESRD. Although the use of health insurance claims has previously been shown to demonstrate high diagnostic performance for vitiligo, it is worth noting that the lower proportion of patients identified within this population compared to national estimates may be attributable to underreporting among groups with higher prevalence (non-white) and/or due to the presentation of the disease (unilateral, segmental) [1,23].…”