Validation of the Chinese Parental Expectation on Child’s Future Scale

Journal of Family Issues

Shek

2018

This study examined the moderation effect of family functioning on the relationship between maternal expectations of the children’s future and adolescent achievement motivation in a sample of 432 Chinese single-mother families experiencing economic disadvantage in Hong Kong. Results indicated that family functioning moderated the influence of maternal expectations of the children’s future on adolescent achievement motivation. The relationship between maternal expectations and adolescent achievement motivation was significantly positive in single-mother families having higher family functioning, while the relationship was not significant in those families with relatively lower family functioning. The main and moderating effects were found stable between immigrant and nonimmigrant mothers. The present study provides important insight into how single-mother families living in poverty strive to nurture their children in the face of adversity. The theoretical and practical implications of the findings are discussed.

Section: Instrumentssupporting

confidence: 55%

Family Processes and Adolescent Achievement Motivation in Poor Chinese Single-Mother Families

Journal of Family Issues

Shek

2018

“…A 17-item measure was assessed in a previous validation study that showed internal consistency, divergent validity, and factorial validity (J. T. Y Leung & Shek, 2011c). Participants were requested to rate the degree of agreement with each item on a 6-point Likert-type scale ranging from "Strongly agree" to "Strongly disagree."…”

Section: Parental Expectations Of Children's Future Scale (Pecf)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Parental Beliefs on the Development of Chinese Adolescents Experiencing Economic Disadvantage

Journal of Family Issues

Shek

2014

Based on the data collected from 275 Chinese families experiencing economic disadvantage in Hong Kong, the influence of parental beliefs (Chinese cultural beliefs about adversity, attribution of children's success and failure to effort, and expectations of children's future) and parental control on adolescent development was examined. It was found that paternal expectations of children's future predicted adolescents' perceived maternal control and positive youth development. Furthermore, perceived maternal control mediated the effect of parental beliefs on adolescent positive development. This is the first scientific research that clarified the pathway through which parental beliefs influenced adolescent positive development via maternal control in Chinese families experiencing economic disadvantage. The research findings underscore the importance of understanding the triadic interactions among fathers, mothers, and adolescents in families experiencing economic disadvantage.

“…The scale was developed with 23 items measuring dimensions of parental expectations of children ' s future in terms of educational achievement, self-reliance, occupation, family obligation, and conduct. A revised PECF with 17 items was assessed in a previous validation study and both fathers ' (FECF) and mothers ' responses (MECF) of the measure showed internal consistency, divergent validity, and factorial validity [59] . Participants were requested to rate the degree of agreement with each item on a 6-point Likert scale ranging from " Strongly agree " to " Strongly disagree ".…”

Section: Parental Expectations Of Children ' S Future Scale (Pecf)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Parental beliefs and family functioning in Chinese families experiencing economic disadvantage in Hong Kong

International Journal on Disability and Human Development

Shek²

2013

Self Cite

The relationships between parental beliefs (i.e., Chinese cultural beliefs about adversity, attribution of children ' s success and failure to effort, and expectations of children ' s future) and family functioning were examined in 550 Chinese parents experiencing economic disadvantage. Results showed that perceived Chinese cultural beliefs about adversity and parental expectations on children ' s future were positively related to family functioning in both fathers' and mothers' samples. In addition, paternal expectations of children ' s future emerged as the most important predictor of perceived family functioning. The findings underscored the important role of the fathers in Chinese families experiencing economic disadvantage. Theoretical and practical implications of the findings are discussed.