Validation of the determination of lead in whole blood by ICP-MS

Abstract

Validation of the determination of lead in whole blood by ICP-quadrupole MS has been performed. Blood was 1 : 45 v/v diluted in an aqueous solution containing 0.1 mg l 21 NH 4 OH, 0.1 g l 21 EDTA, 5 mg l 21 n-butanol and 0.1% Triton X 100. It was verified that a synthetic matrix made of 7.5 g l 21 NaCl and 0.5 g l 21 CaCl 2 behaved similarly to the whole blood and to QC samples. Limits of detection and of quantitation were determined by plotting the RSD of the net signal as a function of the concentration, and were 0.01 and 0.1 mg l 21 , respectively, which was below the lowest Pb concentration in blood, i.e., 0.2 mg l 21 after dilution. Uncertainty of the centroid of the calibration graph was preferred to the evaluation of the linearity with ANOVA to validate the calibration procedure. At 95% confidence level, a warning limit was set up at 5% uncertainty, while rejection was decided on for 20% uncertainty. Internal standardization based on the use of 187 Re provided improvement in the uncertainty and the reproducibility. Intra-and inter-day reproducibilities were evaluated. Good agreement was observed between the concentrations obtained by ICP-MS and GF-AAS.

Assessment of the LeadCare® Plus for Use on Scandinavian Brown Bears (Ursus arctos)

“…Diluted digests were analyzed by ICP-SFMS (ELEMENT2, ThermoScientific, Bremen, Germany), using combination of internal standardization and external calibration. Details on preparation method, measuring parameters and operation conditions can be found elsewhere (38, 39). Method blanks prepared and analyzed alongside with blood samples contain <0.5 μg/L Pb.…”

“…The gold standard of lead analysis in blood or tissue is generally accepted to be graphite-furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS) or inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) (22). ICP-MS and GFAAS has been determined to be statistically equivalent when measuring BLLs for clinical use and biomonitoring (23, 24).…”

Analysis of whole blood by ICP-MS equipped with a high temperature total sample consumption system

“…1,2,3 This kind of information can be obtained through the analysis of blood, as blood is the medium for the transport of essential and toxic trace elements. 1 The elemental determination in blood samples has been carried out through techniques such as atomic absorption spectrometry, 4,5,6,7,8 total reflection X-ray fluorescence (TXRF), 5,9 or hydride generation atomic fluorescence spectrometry (HG-AFS) 10 . However, due to the increasing demand in the number of elements to be determined in blood, alternative analytical methods are needed.…”

Applications of ICP‐MS in Human Biomonitoring Studies

“…Validation of the determination of Pb in different clinical materials by ICP-MS was described by Paschal et al [48], Bonnefoy et al [49], and Parsons et al [50,51]. It was mentioned that the maximum error of 15% for the Pb concentration is possible, when Pb has different isotope abundances between the calibration solution and the sample solution, depending on the origin of the samples [36].…”