Objective: Behaviour change interventions are effective in supporting individuals to achieve clinically significant weight loss, but weight loss maintenance (WLM) is less often attained. This study examined predictive variables associated with WLM. Design: N-of-1 study with daily ecological momentary assessment combined with objective measurement of weight and physical activity, collected with wireless devices (Fitbit™) for six months. Eight previously obese adults who had lost over 5% of their body weight in the past year took part. Data were analysed using time series methods. Main outcomes measures: Predictor variables were based on five theoretical themes: maintenance motives, self-regulation, personal resources, habits, and environmental influences. Dependent variables were: objectively estimated step count and weight, and self-reported WLM plan adherence. Results: For all participants, daily fluctuations in self-reported adherence to their WLM plan were significantly associated with most of the explanatory variables, including maintenance motivation and satisfaction with outcomes, self-regulation, habit, and stable environment. Personal resources were not a consistent predictor of plan adherence. Conclusion: This is the first study to assess theoretical predictions of WLM within individuals. WLM is a dynamic process including the interplay of motivation, self-regulation, habit, resources, and perceptions of environmental context. Individuals maintaining their weight have unique psychological profiles which could be accounted for in interventions.Keywords: behaviour change maintenance; n-of-1 study; theory; weight loss maintenance *Corresponding author. Email: dominika.kwasnicka@curtin.edu.au © 2017 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecom mons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Psychology & Health, 2017 Vol. 32, No. 6, 686-708, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08870446.2017 Introduction Weight loss maintenance (WLM) has been defined as a process of sustaining a significant intentional weight loss accomplished by one's own efforts and/or as a result of treatment (Elfhag & Rossner, 2005). The specific criteria used to define WLM vary between research studies. Discrepancies include the percentage of weight loss required and the length of time for maintained weight loss. For instance in terms of percentage weight loss, WLM researchers suggest that a minimum of 3% (Stevens, Truesdale, McClain, & Cai, 2005), 5% (Crawford, Jeffery, & French, 2000) or 10% (Wing & Hill, 2001) is necessary to be classified as successful WLM. The time period requirements for substantial WLM also differ; for example, a minimum of 6 months (Elfhag & Rossner, 2005), 12 months (Wing & Hill, 2001) or 24 months (Stevens et al., 2005) of maintained weight loss have been sugg...