Validation of the Ottawa ankle rules in a Hong Kong ED

Implementation of the Ottawa ankle rules by general practitioners in an emergency department of a Turkish district hospital

“…The OAR have been widely applied in many countries, [6][7][8][9][10][11] and are regarded as a highly sensitive and modestly specific method of detecting fracture in clinical setting. [12] However, the introduction of any new diagnostic method in a specific clinical setting and culture requires considerable caution, as sensitivity and specificity may be significantly affected.…”

Validation of the Ottawa ankle rules in a second-level trauma center in Italy

“…Overall, 162 patients (65.4%) reached the hospital within 12 hours of injury. The more common injury mechanisms were sport activi- [14], Australia [13] and Hong Kong [15]. However, some studies [21][22][23][24] have rejected the generalizability of the OARs, although these studies had considerable methodological errors or did not use real rules as described and validated by Stiell and co-workers [8, [23][24][25].…”

“…However, although only a few of these patients (approximately 15%) have a significant clinical fracture, radiography is performed on almost all patients without leading to a positive diagnostic result in 85% of cases [1][2][3][4][5]. By developing the Ottawa ankle rules (OARs) [3,6], Stiell and colleagues attempted to help physicians rapidly recognize OARs have been validated in several different countries [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. In their systematic review, Bachman and coworkers [20] found that the sensitivity of the OARs range from 96.4% to 99.6%, while the specificity ranges from 26.3% to 47.9%.…”

Ankle and Midfoot Fractures; Diagnostic Accuracy of Ottawa Rules

“…These results are similar to those reported in other studies. [18][19][20][21] In another study reported by Dwivedi et al 22 , 13 out of 81 cases has significant fractures. Sensitivity of OAR for detecting fractures was 100%.…”