Validation of the Preoperative Plasma Fibrinogen Level as a Prognostic Factor in a European Cohort of Patients with Localized Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma

Abstract

Elevated fibrinogen seems to represent a negative prognostic factor for cancer specific and overall survival in patients with upper tract urothelial carcinoma. This parameter should be considered an additional prognostic factor for upper tract urothelial carcinoma in the future.

The association of an elevated plasma fibrinogen level with cancer-specific and overall survival in prostate cancer patients

“…The findings from the present study are in line with data from recent studies showing a poor outcome in cancer patients with increased plasma fibrinogen levels [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. Cancer patients with an elevated plasma fibrinogen level might be considered as candidates for additional, more aggressive treatment approaches or more stringent followup schedules.…”

“…It has been shown to be a critical determinant of the metastatic potential of circulating tumour cells in lung carcinoma and melanoma [9]. Furthermore, elevated pre-treatment plasma fibrinogen levels have been associated with poor clinical outcome in various malignancies [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18].…”

Validation of the Preoperative Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio as a Prognostic Factor in a European Cohort of Patients with Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma

“…In the last 10 years, the link of systemic inflammation and cancer progression, and prognosis became more and more evident [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] . The platelet count is regarded as another determinant of systemic inflammation, whereby the detailed interaction between tumor cells and platelets is not clear, but platelet growth factors might represent an important target in tumor angiogenesis and metastatic spread [25] .…”

“…Several markers of systemic inflammatory response, such as preoperatively assessed plasma fibrinogen levels, the derived neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, the pretreatment lymphocyte-monocyte ratio, and preoperative serum C-reactive protein levels have been shown to represent independent potential prognosticators in various urologic cancers [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] . Furthermore, platelet counts do correlate with the proinflammatory response.…”

Facteurs pronostiques des tumeurs de la voie excrétrice supérieure et impact sur la survie : une revue systématique pour le rapport annuel de l’Association française d’urologie

“…Ainsi, une CRP > 5 mg/L était associée à une maladie non confinée à l'organe (≥ pT3), agressive (haut grade) et à un envahissement ganglionnaire [42,43]. De même, un taux de fibrinogène plasmatique > 370 mg/dL était associée à des stades musculo-invasifs et des grades élevés [44]. Le ratio polynucléaires neutrophiles/lymphocytes > 3,0 préopératoire était associé à un stade et à un grade élevés, à un envahissement ganglionnaire et à la présence d'emboles vasculaires tumoraux [45][46][47].…”