Validation of the Social Phobia Inventory (SPIN) in Nigeria

Chukwujekwu, DC; Eo, Olose

doi:10.26502/jppd.2572-519x0040

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 8 publications

(19 reference statements)

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“…[27][28][29] In Nigeria, SPIN was validated with sensitivity and specificity of 82.2% and 77.6% respectively. 30 SPIN also reported having high reliability and validity in different countries. 27,29,31 The total score ranges from 0-64, thus an individual who scores 20 or more is considered to have a SAD.…”

Section: Data Collection Instrument and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 90%

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<p>Social Anxiety Disorder Among Undergraduate Students of Hawassa University, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ethiopia</p>

Reta¹,

Ayalew²,

Yeneabat³

et al. 2020

NDT

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Introduction: Social anxiety disorder (SAD), also called social phobia, is an uncontrollable fear of social situations, which involve fear of observation or making contact with strangers. So, helping individuals with social anxiety, which is among the factors affecting mental health, can significantly influence a students' mental health and prevent other problems. Objective: The study aimed at assessing the magnitude of SAD and its determinants among undergraduate students of Hawassa University, College of Medicine and Health Sciences. Methods: An institution based cross-sectional study was conducted from April 1 to May 30, 2018, in Hawassa University, College of Medicine and Health Sciences. We selected participants by a stratified random sampling method, and we collected data independently from each stratum (department) using a 17 item self-rating Social Phobia Inventory (SPIN) scale to assess SAD. We performed multiple logistic regression analysis to find factors associated with SAD. Results: Out of 304 students, 293 completed the questionnaire, with a response rate of 96.3%. The mean age of the participants was 22.13 years with a standard deviation of ± 2.176, and 172 (58.7%) were males. The prevalence of SAD was 32.8%. Family history of mental illness (AOR=4.72, 95% CI (1.25, 17.74)), being a 3rd-year student (AOR=0.178, 95% CI (0.055, 0.57)) and being a 4th year student (AOR=0.15, 95% CI (0.049, 0.49)) were significantly associated with SAD. Conclusion: This study showed a high prevalence of SAD among medicine and health science students of Hawassa University. Therefore, the Ethiopian Ministry of Higher Education and university officials need to draw up a plan to reduce social phobia.

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Section: Data Collection Instrument and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…27,29,31 The total score ranges from 0-64, thus an individual who scores 20 or more is considered to have a SAD. 27,30 We used Oslo-3 item social support scale to assess social support. Each item was scored from one to four, yielding a total score ranging from 3 to 14.…”

Section: Data Collection Instrument and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Social Anxiety Disorder Among Undergraduate Students of Hawassa University, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ethiopia</p>

Reta¹,

Ayalew²,

Yeneabat³

et al. 2020

NDT

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Each of the predictive values, positive and negative, was 80%. 21 Tobacco dependence was measured using the Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND). The FTND is a structured questionnaire with six items that is given by an interviewer and has a total score that ranges from 0 to 10.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Frequency and Predictors of Sexual Dysfunction Among People Living with HIV/AIDS

Abdu,

Dule,

Habib

2023

HIV

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Background The frequency of sexual dysfunctions reported by HIV/AIDS patients is significantly higher than that of their peers. Sexual dysfunction and its predictors may result in increased viral loads, worsening HIV infection, and infectivity. To mitigate its consequences, appropriate evaluation and intervention are required. Methods A cross-sectional study design was conducted among 336 HIV/AIDS-positive individuals at one hospital in southwest Ethiopia. To assess sexual dysfunctions, a tool called the Changes in Sexual Functioning Questionnaire (CSFQ-14) was used. Data analysis was done with SPSS version 20. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regressions were used to identify independent predictor variables, and statistical significance was declared at a p-value of <0.05. Results 98.53% of the sample completed the questionnaire accordingly. The frequency of SD was 72.0% (95% CI = 67.4–77.0). The frequency of SD was reported to be more prevalent among males (76.8% (95% CI = 70.6–81.6)) than that of females (66.2% (95% CI = 59.5–73.5)). Among the domains of sexual dysfunction, sexual pleasure problems (96.70%, (95% CI: 94.60–98.50)) were the higher figure of SD, and sexual desire problems (82.40%, (95% CI: 78.60–86.60)); were the least prevalent sexual dysfunctions. Predictors of the SD were age, social anxiety, nicotine use, poor sleep quality, and time of resuming ART medication. Conclusion The frequency of SD was 72.0%. Predictors of the SD were age, social anxiety, nicotine use, poor sleep quality, and time of resuming ART medication.

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“…Items are rated on a scale ranging from 0 ( not at all ) to 4 ( extremely ). Total scores range from 0 to 68, and the cut-off scores for mild, moderate, severe, and very severe are 20, 31, 41, and 51, respectively [ 35 , 36 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of a Commercial Mobile Health App for Depression and Anxiety (AbleTo Digital+): Retrospective Cohort Study

Anton¹,

Mochari‐Greenberger²,

Andreopoulos³

et al. 2021

JMIR Form Res

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Background Digital solutions, such as web-based and mobile interventions, have the potential to streamline pathways to mental health services and improve access to mental health care. Although a growing number of randomized trials have established the efficacy of digital interventions for common mental health problems, less is known about the real-world impact of these tools. AbleTo Digital+, a commercially available mental health app for depression and anxiety, offers a unique opportunity to understand the clinical impact of such tools delivered in a real-world context. Objective The primary aim of this study is to examine the magnitude of change in depression and anxiety symptoms among individuals who used AbleTo Digital+ programs. The secondary aim is to evaluate Digital+ module completion, including the use of 1:1 coaching. Methods In this retrospective cohort study, we analyzed previously collected and permanently deidentified data from a consecutive cohort of 1896 adults who initiated using one of the three Digital+ eight-module programs (depression, generalized anxiety, or social anxiety) between January 1 and June 30, 2020. Depression, generalized anxiety, and social anxiety symptoms were assessed within each program using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, and the Social Phobia Inventory, respectively. Linear mixed effects models were built to assess the association between module completion and symptom change among users who completed at least four modules and had at least mild baseline symptom elevations, controlling for age, gender, and baseline symptom severity. Digital+ use, including module completion, 1:1 coaching calls, and in-app coach messaging, was also evaluated. Results Significant effects were observed among depression (Cohen d=1.5), generalized anxiety (Cohen d=1.2), and social anxiety (Cohen d=1.0) program participants who completed at least four modules and had mild baseline elevations (n=470). Associations between module completion and change in depression (β=−1.2; P<.001), generalized anxiety (β=−1.1; P<.001), and social anxiety (β=−2.4; P<.001) symptom scores retained significance with covariate adjustment. Participants completed an average of 2.6 (SD 2.7) modules. The average total length of app use was 52.2 (SD 83.5) days. Approximately two-thirds of the users engaged in at least 1 coaching call (66.82%, 1267/1896) or in-app text messaging (66.09%, 1253/1896). Participants who completed at least four modules participated in significantly more coaching calls per module (mean 1.1, SD 0.7) than users who completed fewer than four modules (mean 1.0, SD 1.2; t1407=−2.1; P=.03). Conclusions This study demonstrated that AbleTo Digital+ users experienced significant reductions in depression, generalized anxiety, and social anxiety symptoms throughout the program.

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Validation of the Social Phobia Inventory (SPIN) in Nigeria

Cited by 13 publications

References 8 publications

<p>Social Anxiety Disorder Among Undergraduate Students of Hawassa University, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ethiopia</p>

<p>Social Anxiety Disorder Among Undergraduate Students of Hawassa University, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ethiopia</p>

The Frequency and Predictors of Sexual Dysfunction Among People Living with HIV/AIDS

Evaluation of a Commercial Mobile Health App for Depression and Anxiety (AbleTo Digital+): Retrospective Cohort Study

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