Validation of Ultrasound Techniques Applied to Body Fat Measurement

Pineau, Jean-Claude; Guihard-Costa, Anne-Marie; Bocquet, Michaël

doi:10.1159/000111161

Cited by 63 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…That result allows us to state that CT is more appropriate than is ultrasound for the study of abdominal fat in the characterization of individual body composition, given that it shows a greater correlation with the various anthropometric parameters evaluated, as evidenced by the Pearson’s correlation coefficients of 0.82, 0.77, 0.79, and 0.84, respectively, for BMI, waist circumference, hip circumference, and abdominal circumference. This leads us to agree with several authors who consider CT the reference for the evaluation of body fat (8,11-15,19-21) . However, it is necessary to consider the risks of the use of ionizing radiation for an evaluation whose clinical significance is relative; that is, although CT provides greater reproducibility and correlates better with the anthropometric data, its use does not seem justifiable in view of the individual risk-benefit ratio (22) .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Reproducibility of abdominal fat assessment by ultrasound and computed tomography

Mauad¹,

Chagas-Neto

Benedeti³

et al. 2017

Radiol Bras

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Objective:To test the accuracy and reproducibility of ultrasound and computed tomography (CT) for the quantification of abdominal fat in correlation with the anthropometric, clinical, and biochemical assessments.Materials and Methods:Using ultrasound and CT, we determined the thickness of subcutaneous and intra-abdominal fat in 101 subjects-of whom 39 (38.6%) were men and 62 (61.4%) were women-with a mean age of 66.3 years (60-80 years). The ultrasound data were correlated with the anthropometric, clinical, and biochemical parameters, as well as with the areas measured by abdominal CT.Results:Intra-abdominal thickness was the variable for which the correlation with the areas of abdominal fat was strongest (i.e., the correlation coefficient was highest). We also tested the reproducibility of ultrasound and CT for the assessment of abdominal fat and found that CT measurements of abdominal fat showed greater reproducibility, having higher intraobserver and interobserver reliability than had the ultrasound measurements. There was a significant correlation between ultrasound and CT, with a correlation coefficient of 0.71.Conclusion:In the assessment of abdominal fat, the intraobserver and interobserver reliability were greater for CT than for ultrasound, although both methods showed high accuracy and good reproducibility.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Reproducibility of abdominal fat assessment by ultrasound and computed tomography

Mauad¹,

Chagas-Neto

Benedeti³

et al. 2017

Radiol Bras

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“…Recently Pineau et al has validated both US skinfold and BIS measurements in adults against dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. In that study US has shown very good accuracy, while BIS has shown less accuracy than US but better than air displacement plethysmography (12). BIS predictions of %FM in infants improve with age compared with simple anthropometric measurements (4) and could benefit pediatric populations if more equations developed for infants after 5 mo of age.…”

Section: Volume 81 | Number 3 | March 2017mentioning

confidence: 86%

“…The SCTT (skin thickness and the skin-fat interface to fat-muscle interface distance that were easily defined on the scan) was measured directly from images on the screen using electronic calipers (12) (Figure 1). All of the measurements were performed by one experienced sonographer (DG) with previously reported high intraobserver reliability (9).…”

Section: Reference Matches Def Def All But H All But H Abc Abmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of body composition in breastfed infants using bioimpedance spectroscopy and ultrasound skinfolds—methods comparison

et al. 2016

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Background: Accurate, noninvasive, and inexpensive methods are required to measure infant body composition. Ultrasound (US) and bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS) have been validated in adults and introduced in pediatric populations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of both methods in determining percentage fat mass (%FM) in breastfed infants. Methods: %FM of 2, 5, 9, and 12 mo-old healthy, breastfed term infants (n = 58) was calculated using BIS-derived total body water equations and skinfold equations then compared with reference models. Skinfolds were measured with US at two and four sites (biceps, suprailiac and/or triceps, and subscapular). results: %FM differed widely within and between methods, with the degree of variation affected by infant age/sex. Not a single method/equation was consistent with the distributions of appropriate reference values for all age/sex groups. Moderate number of matches with references values (13-24 out of 36) was seen for both types of equations. High number of matches (25-36) was seen for US skinfold-based equations. %FM values calculated from US and BIS were not significantly different (P = 0.35). conclusion: Both BIS and US are practical for predicting %FM in infants. BIS calculations are highly dependent upon an appropriate set of validated age-matched equations. Body composition (BC) in early life plays an important role in the programming of long-term health outcomes including obesity, type II diabetes, and cardiovascular disease (1). The majority of large studies reporting an association of infant development with disease later in life use anthropometric measurements or BMI to monitor growth that provide limited indices of adiposity as they fail to reflect body shape, fat distribution, and density.The number of techniques available to assess infant BC is increasing. These measures have better accuracy than anthropometric measurements, but may be either time consuming, expensive, and invasive, expose infants to low levels of radiation (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and computed tomography), require the infant to be restrained (magnetic resonance imaging) or have weight restriction (air displacement plethysmography).Bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy (BIS) is noninvasive and often used to estimate BC due to its ease of application and low cost. BIS measures the electrical impedance, or opposition to flow through the body tissues of a small harmless electric current. The measured impedance, corrected for the reactive component, known as electrical resistance is inversely and quantitatively related to the volume of conductive compartment which can be used to calculate total body water (TBW) and estimate fat-free mass (FFM) and fat mass (FM) (2). BIS provides reliable estimates of TBW in adults and equations have been developed for children and infants (3,4). While in very young infants (<5 mo) BIS is associated with poorer predictive performance that could be due to the higher conductivity of the infant's adipose tissue with its increased vascularizat...

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“…The higher the ultrasound frequency the greater the resolution, but there is a decrease in penetration. There is not yet any standardized protocol for using ultrasound to measure subcutaneous fat, but the majority of the studies included in this review have used a 5 MHz, B-mode transducer; however, a relatively new portable ultrasound device (BodyMetrix, BX2000, IntelaMetrix, Inc., Livermore, CA) designed and marketed specifically for body composition assessment uses a 2.5 MHz, A-mode transducer, and Pineau and colleagues [18, 19] validated body fat measurements against DXA using an A-mode transducer with a 2.25 MHz frequency.…”

Section: Technical Principlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasound as a Tool to Assess Body Fat

2013

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Ultrasound has been used effectively to assess body fat for nearly 5 decades, yet this method is not known as well as many other body composition techniques. The purpose of this review is to explain the technical principles of the ultrasound method, explain the procedures for taking a measurement and interpreting the results, evaluate the reliability and validity of this method for measuring subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue, highlight the advantages and limitations of ultrasound relative to other body composition methods, consider its utility to clinical populations, and introduce new body composition-specific ultrasound technology. The focus of this review is adipose, although various tissue thicknesses (e.g., muscle and bone) can be measured with ultrasound. Being a portable imaging device that is capable of making fast regional estimates of body composition, ultrasound is an attractive assessment tool in instances when other methods are limited. Furthermore, much of the research suggests that it is reliable, reproducible, and accurate. The biggest limitations appear to be a lack of standardization for the measurement technique and results that are highly dependent on operator proficiency. New ultrasound devices and accompanying software designed specifically for the purpose of body composition assessment might help to minimize these limitations.

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Validation of Ultrasound Techniques Applied to Body Fat Measurement

Cited by 63 publications

References 38 publications

Reproducibility of abdominal fat assessment by ultrasound and computed tomography

Reproducibility of abdominal fat assessment by ultrasound and computed tomography

Determinants of body composition in breastfed infants using bioimpedance spectroscopy and ultrasound skinfolds—methods comparison

Ultrasound as a Tool to Assess Body Fat

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