Validez e invariancia factorial del Índice de Bienestar General (WHO-5 WBI) en universitarios peruanos

Abstract

Introducción: actualmente, existe un mayor interés por el estudio del bienestar, debido a su importancia en el desarrollo y evaluación de políticas en salud a favor de la población en general. Por lo tanto, se hace necesaria una medición válida y confiable del bienestar. En este contexto, el estudio evaluó las evidencias de validez basadas en la estructura interna, confiabilidad e invarianza factorial por sexo del índice de Bienestar General (WHO-5 WBI). Materiales y métodos: participaron 499 estudiantes universitarios de la ciudad de Trujillo (Perú) de sexo femenino (n = 271) y masculino (n = 228). Se realizó un análisis factorial confirmatorio, confiabilidad por consistencia interna e invarianza factorial por sexo mediante un análisis multigrupo. Resultados: el análisis factorial confirmatorio indicó que el modelo unidimensional de cinco ítems con errores correlacionados de los ítems 1 y 4 presentaba un buen ajuste (χ2 = 9.667 [gl = 4]; p > 0.05; χ2/gl = 2.416; CFI = 0.994; RMSEA = 0.053 [IC90%: 0.006-0.097]; SRMR = 0.018). Además, se reportó una confiabilidad aceptable (ω = 0.758) e invariancia factorial por sexo. Conclusión: el WHO-5 WBI demostró evidencia empírica a favor de la validez basada en la estructura interna, confiabilidad de las puntuaciones e invariancia factorial, que permiten contar con un instrumento útil y rápido para la medición del bienestar subjetivo en estudiantes universitarios.

Translation and validation of the WHO-5 General well-being index into native language Quechua of the Peruvian South

“…The WHO-5 items were translated into Quechua considering the version previously adapted and validated for Peruvian Spanish by Ref. [ 19 ].…”

“…Today, there are short versions (WHO-5) that have been proved to be valid and reliable in countries like Peru [ 19 ], Colombia [ 20 ], and Argentina [ 21 ], thereby becoming a good alternative due to its psychometric performance and ease of application as a 5-item scale. Therefore, this study aimed to translate and validate the WHO-5 General Well-being Index into the Collao variant of the Quechua native language spoken in Puno, Peru.…”

Meaning of life questionnaire (MLQ) in peruvian undergraduate students: study of its psychometric properties from the perspective of classical test theory (CTT)

“…The version adapted to Peru by Caycho-Rodríguez et al [ 39 ] was used in the study. The scale aims to assess the subjective well-being of the person, for which it has five items with 4 Likert-type response categories, ranging from (0) never, (1) sometimes, (2) many times, and (3) forever.…”

Is the meaning of subjective well-being similar in Latin American countries? A cross-cultural measurement invariance study of the WHO-5 well-being index during the COVID-19 pandemic

“…The WHO-5 is a five-item, self-administered measure that assesses general subjective well-being over the past 2 weeks. The Spanish version was used [21]: (1) "I have felt cheerful and in good spirits" ["Me he sentido alegre y de buen ánimo"]; (2) "I have felt calm and relaxed" ["Me he sentido tranquilo(a) y relajado(a)"]; (3) "I have felt active and energetic" ["Me he sentido activo(a) y con energía"]; (4) "I have woken up feeling well and rested" ["Me he levantado sintiéndome bien y descansado(a)"]; (5) "My daily life has had interesting things for me" ["Mi vida diaria ha tenido cosas interesantes para mí"]. People answer the five positively worded items of the WHO-5 on a four-alternative Likert-type scale, from "0 = never" to "3 = always".…”

“…Faced with this, for several years, it has been suggested to develop brief scales that globally assess subjective well-being in a single dimension [20]. The WHO-5 evaluates well-being, understood as the degree of well-being experienced by each person according to a subjective evaluation of their life, which includes a set of cognitive judgments and affective reactions, according to previous experiences, the current state of life and the expectations [21]. The WHO-5 is a brief (less than 1 min), generic rating scale that measures subjective well-being over a 2 weeks period [9] and was developed in response to the need to have a measure that reflects a single dimension with high clinical validity [17].…”