Validez y confiabilidad de una escala de apoyo social percibido en población adolescente

Abstract

<p>El apoyo social percibido por los/as adolescentes, puede influir positiva o negativamente en su salud, lo que hace necesario contar con instrumentos que permitan su medición. Esto podrá orientar el desarrollo de estrategias promotoras de salud más efectivas. <br /><br />Objetivo: Determinar la confiabilidad y validez de la Escala Multidimensional de Apoyo Social Percibido, en población adolescente chilena. <br /><br />Material y Método: Estudio psicométrico, el instrumento fue aplicado a 247 estudiantes de educación secundaria, previo consentimiento informado de un adulto responsable y asentimiento de los adolescentes. Se estableció confiabilidad a través de evaluación de consistencia interna mediante alpha de Cronbach, validez de criterio concurrente a través de correlación con escala de autoeficacia y validez de constructo mediante análisis factorial. <br /><br />Resultados: La confiabilidad es adecuada para la escala total (=0,88) y para cada subescala (= >0,76), la estructura de la escala demostró ser tridimensional al igual que la escala original y positivamente relacionada con autoeficacia. <br /><br />Conclusión: Este instrumento es confiable y válido para ser utilizado en población adolescente chilena. <br /><br /><br /></p>

Validity and Reliability of the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support in Colombian Adolescents

“…The most conclusive results of this study indicate that both in the exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses the total variance is better explained (~64%) by a 3-factor structure. This figure is similar to the 69.3% reported by Mosqueda et al (2015).…”

“…Unlike previous results found in a population of older adults where the reliability indexes vary between .85 and .88 (Arechabala & Miranda, 2002;Pinto et al, 2014), our data show a similar behavior of the MSPSS scale in the adolescent population (Bruwer, Emsley, Kidd, Lochner, & Seedat, 2008;Mosqueda et al, 2015). Regarding the number of factors, we found that a 3-factor structure explained 64.1% of the variance.…”

“…The MSPSS is brief, of easy application and use, which is favorable when the subject has little time or when several measures must be administered. Furthermore, the MSPSS has demonstrated psychometric validity in several studies conducted in different populations of adolescents and adults worldwide (Canty-Mitchell & Zimet, 2000;Cecil, Stanley, Carrion, & Swann, 1995;Chou, 2000;Kee-Lee, 2000;Dahlem, Zimet, & Walker, 1991;Eker, Arkar, & Yaldiz, 2000;Kazarian & MacCabe, 1991;Stanley, Beck, & Zebb, 1998;Zimet et al, 1988;Zimet, Powell, Farley, Werkman, & Berkoff, 1990), and validations continue to be performed with satisfactory results in terms of internal consistency (Arechabala & Miranda, 2002;Chou, 2000;Mosqueda, Mendoza, Jofré, & Barriga, 2015;Ng, Amer Siddiq, Aida, Zainal, & Koh 2010;Ortiz & Baeza, 2011;Pedersen, Spinder, Erdman, & Denollet, 2009;Pinto, Lara, Espinoza, & Montoya, 2014;Tonsing, Zimet, & Tse, 2012). On the other hand, exploratory factor analyses have shown that a 3-factor structure is suitable for the MSPSS in adolescent and adult populations with ethnic and socioeconomic diversity.…”

“…In Colombia, there is no evidence regarding the psychometric properties of this scale in the adolescent population. The internal consistency coefficient, Cronbach's alpha, values for the 12 items of the MSPSS have demonstrated excellent internal reliability from previous studies that have used a variety of subject's samples: α = .91 (Dahlem et al, 1991); α = .87 ± .94 (Stanley et al, 1998); α = .93 (Canty-Mitchell & Zimet, 2000); α = .89 (Chou, 2000); α = .80 ± .95 (Eker et al, 2000); α = .86 (Arechabala & Miranda, 2002); α = .91 ± .95 (Pedersen et al, 2009); α = .89 (Ng et al, 2010); α = .84 (Ortiz & Baeza, 2011); α = .90 (Tonsing et al, 2012); α = .80 (Pinto et al, 2014), and α = .88 (Mosqueda et al, 2015). The factor analyses of the studies mentioned above confirmed the three subscale structures of the MSPSS: family, friends, and significant other to account between 79.3% and 83.9% of the variance.…”

Social Support and Substance Use as Moderators of the Relationship Between Depressive Symptoms and Suicidal Ideation in Adolescents

“…The scale of perceived social support, originally developed by Zimet et al (1988) and validated for the adolescent population in the Chilean context by Mosqueda Díaz et al (2015) , aims to measure perceived social support in three dimensions: family, friends, and another significant person. It has 12 items (four for each dimension), which consist of statements about perceived social support that must be evaluated on a Likert scale with values from one to five (1, strongly disagree; 5, strongly agree).…”