Validity and agreement between dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, anthropometry and bioelectrical impedance in the estimation of fat mass in young adults

Mecherques-Carini, Malek; Albaladejo-Saura, Mario; Vaquero-Cristóbal, Raquel; Baglietto, Nicolás; Esparza-Ros, Francisco

doi:10.3389/fnut.2024.1421950

Cited by 2 publications

References 75 publications

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Validity between Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry and Bioelectrical Impedance for segmental fat analysis and a novel low-cost model developed using anthropometry in young adults

Mecherques-Carini,

Albaladejo-Saura,

Esparza-Ros

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Background: An accurate assessment of body fat distribution is crucial for managing cardiovascular disease and metabolic disorders. Although several methods are available for segmental fat analysis, few studies have examined the validity of affordable methods such as Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) against the reference method, Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA). This study aimed to assess the validity of BIA as compared to DXA for segmental fat mass assessment, and to develop anthropometric regression models that offer a cost-effective alternative for health professionals in clinical and public health settings. Methods: Cross-sectional study that included 264 young adults (161 males, mean age=23.04±5.61 years; and 103 females, mean age=22.29±5.98 years). Segmental fat mass was measured using DXA and BIA, and anthropometric measurements were collected following the ISAK protocol. Results: Significant differences were found between DXA and BIA for segmental fat mass (p<0.001). Sex significantly influenced the results (p<0.05), while BMI and hydration status had no significant impact. The Bland-Altman analysis revealed significant differences (p<0.001) between BIA and DXA for fat mass in the upper and lower limbs. Trunk fat mass also differed significantly in the segmental analysis (p<0.001), except for the overall sample (p=0.0881). Anthropometric regression models showed a high predictive accuracy for both females (R²=0.766-0.910; p<0.001) and males (R²=0.758-0.887; p<0.001). Key predictors of segmental fat mass included body mass (r=0.606-0.867; p<0.001), skinfold thickness (r=0.688-0.893; p<0.001), and waist girth (r=0.883-0.810; p<0.001). Peripheral skinfolds were highly predictive for upper and lower limbs, while waist girth was relevant for trunk fat mass. Conclusions: The significant differences between DXA and BIA means that these methods are not interchangeable for segmental fat analysis. However, the anthropometric regression models offer a practical and accurate alternative for predicting segmental fat mass in clinical settings where DXA is unavailable. Trial registration: Not applicable.

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Validity between Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry and Bioelectrical Impedance for segmental fat analysis and a novel low-cost model developed using anthropometry in young adults

Mecherques-Carini,

Albaladejo-Saura,

Esparza-Ros

et al. 2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Reliability, biological variability, and accuracy of multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance analysis for measuring body composition components

Looney,

Schafer,

Chapman

et al. 2024

Front. Nutr.

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IntroductionBioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) systems are gaining popularity for use in research and fitness assessments as the technology improves and becomes more affordable and easier to use. Multifrequency BIA (MF-BIA) may improve accuracy and precision using octopolar contacts for segmental analyses.PurposeEvaluate reliability, biological variability, and accuracy of component measures (total body water, mass, and composition) of commercially available MF-BIA system (InBody 770, Cerritos, California, USA).MethodsFourteen healthy military-age adults were assessed by MF-BIA in duplicate on five laboratory visits across 3 weeks (10 measures each). Participants were evaluated at the same time of day after refraining from strenuous exercise (> 48 h), alcohol consumption (> 24 h), and caffeine, nicotine, and food (> 10 h). Systematic error (test–retest reliability) and biological variability (day-to-day reliability) were summarized by intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) values determined for body mass (fat, fat-free, total) and body water (extracellular, intracellular, total). Body composition measurements derived from BIA on the second visit were also tested for accuracy compared to dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA).ResultsTest–retest reliability was very high for all measurements of whole-body water and mass (ICC ≥ 0.999) and high for regional body water and mass (ICC 0.973–1.000). Biological variability was observable with very minor differences between tests (same day) for total and regional body water (0.0–0.2 L) and total and regional body mass measurements (0.0–0.2 kg); while between day differences were slightly higher (0.0–0.5 L and 0.1–0.7 kg). Compared to DXA, the MF-BIA whole-body measures showed an offset in %BF (Bias −4.0 ± 2.8%; Standard error of the estimate (SEE), 2.6%), an overprediction for total body fat-free mass (Bias 2.8 ± 2.1 kg; SEE 2.2 kg) and an underprediction of total body fat mass (Bias −2.9 ± 2.0 kg; SEE 1.9 kg).ConclusionUnder controlled conditions with fit and healthy men and women, this MF-BIA system has high methodological reliability and demonstrates stable day-to-day measurements of major body composition components. Previously reported ~3% body fat offset compared to criterion methods was again confirmed. Precision of the InBody 770 shows consistency and supports further testing of this specific device as a new military standards method and suitability across a wider range of %BF.

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Validity and agreement between dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, anthropometry and bioelectrical impedance in the estimation of fat mass in young adults

Cited by 2 publications

References 75 publications

Validity between Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry and Bioelectrical Impedance for segmental fat analysis and a novel low-cost model developed using anthropometry in young adults

Validity between Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry and Bioelectrical Impedance for segmental fat analysis and a novel low-cost model developed using anthropometry in young adults

Reliability, biological variability, and accuracy of multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance analysis for measuring body composition components

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