Validity and Reliability of the Portuguese Version of the Healthy Lifestyle Questionnaire—EVS III

Abstract

The main objective of this study was to validate the Healthy Lifestyle Questionnaire—EVS III, using confirmatory factor analysis of the measurement model. A total of 822 Portuguese individuals of both genders, aged between 18 and 66 years old (M = 28.43 SD = 12.07), participated in this study, of which 382 were male (46.5%) and 440 were female (53.5%). The main results obtained revealed that the psychometric qualities prove the adequacy of the factor structure of the Healthy Lifestyles Questionnaire—EVS III (7 factors/32 items) and that it has acceptable validity indices: χ2 = 644.6828, p = 0.000, df = 168, χ2/df = 3.84, NFI = 0.901, TLI = 0.902, CFI = 0.921, IFI = 0.922, MFI = 0.900, GFI = 0.909, AGFI = 0.901, RMR = 0.073, SRMR = 0.059 and RMSEA = 0.059, enabling the assessment of factors related to a balanced diet, respect for mealtimes, tobacco consumption, alcohol consumption, consumption of other drugs, resting habits and physical activity habits. The Portuguese version of the Healthy Lifestyles Questionnaire—EVS III can be used with reasonable confidence for the assessment of healthy lifestyles.

Healthy lifestyle scales to assess general and clinical population: A systematic review with narrative synthesis

“…In terms of healthy lifestyle concept, 26 studies have literally followed the World Health Organization (WHO) definition of healthy lifestyle in terms of their description and tool objectives 15,16,18–21,24,27,30,31,33–48,50,52,54–57,61 . In this concept, healthy lifestyle is defined as overall health (physical, mental, and spiritual) and state, which can improve quality of life 62 (“unhealthy eating, daily PA, promoting emotional and spiritual wellness, ensuring adequate sleep, avoiding harmful drugs, alcohol, tobacco, illness, stress, and safeguarding a good work‒life balance”).…”

“…Other factors used in included instruments were rarely repeated (less than 5), namely, substance use, stress management, self-care activities, spiritual and religious activities, social relationship, health responsibility, and spiritual growth (Table 1 and Figure 2). Seven of instruments constructed from one to 10 items, 17,18,22,26,28,49,51 12 of these instrument included 11−20 items, 16,21,34,35,37,47,[52][53][54][56][57][58] 22 of instruments consist of 21−50 items, 15,20,23,24,27,[30][31][32][33]36,[38][39][40][41]45,46,48,50,55,59,61,63 three instruments included 51−100 items, 25,42,44 and only two instruments used more than 100 items in their construction. 29,…”

“…Six instruments had good correlation with gold standard measurements, 31,34,36,39,43,48 and six scales were categorized as tools with insufficient criterion validity. 17,37,47,54,55 For other 25 studies, there was no reported information about tool criterion validity.…”

“…PA, nutrition (diet), smoking (tobacco use), sleep, alcohol consumption, and body composition were reported in these instruments as common lifestyle factors in these instruments. Thirteen of the instruments in these categories consisted of seven or more subscales, 19,27,30,34,36,38,[40][41][42]46,51,54,55 nine of which included four to six subscales, 17,18,23,26,31,35,50,53,54 and three instruments had three subscales. 29,49,56 Only four of these instruments require individuals to be interviewed, 19,40,51,53 19 others can be used as self-reports, while two of the studies have not reported modes of administration.…”

“…In terms of healthy lifestyle concept, 26 studies have literally followed the World Health Organization (WHO) definition of healthy lifestyle in terms of their description and tool objectives. 15,16,[18][19][20][21]24,27,30,31,[33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48]50,52,[54][55][56][57]61 In this concept, healthy lifestyle is defined as overall health (physical, mental, and spiritual) and state, which can improve quality of life 62 ("unhealthy eating, daily PA, promoting emotional and spiritual wellness, ensuring adequate sleep, avoiding harmful drugs, alcohol, tobacco, illness, stress, and safeguarding a good work-life balance"). Twenty-one other studies did not cite any specific definition and just explained healthy lifestyle as an important factor in development and progress of different diseases or disorders.…”