Validity and reliability study of the Turkish version of the self-efficacy for managing chronic disease 6-item scale

Abstract

Background/aim: The measurement of self-efficacy is an important step toward improving chronic disease management, enhancing adherence to treatment, and assessing patients with chronic diseases. The purpose of this study was to assess the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Self-Efficacy for Managing Chronic Disease 6-Item Scale. Materials and methods: In this methodological study, the sample consisted of 211 patients receiving chronic disease care in 2 family health centers in İstanbul, Turkey. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, concurrent validity, Cronbach's alpha, item-total correlation, and test-retest reliability. Results: Most of the sample were women (72%), primary school graduates (41.7%), hypertensive (68.7%), and had comorbidities (68.2%). The mean age of the sample was 60.5 ± 10.9. The scale mean was 5.66 ± 2.28. Cronbach's alpha reliability was 0.90. Item-total correlations were between 0.64-0.85 and test-retest reliability was high (R = 0.95, P < 0.001). A positive, significant correlation was found in concurrent validity. According to the results of factor analysis, the scale had a 2-dimensional structure. Conclusion: The Turkish version of the Self-Efficacy for Managing Chronic Disease 6-Item Scale is a valid and reliable instrument to assess perceived the self-efficacy level of patient with chronic disease.

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“…Self-efficacy means an individual’s confidence in their own problem solving and task completion ability ( Sun and Chen, 2016 ; Ghazi et al, 2018 ). İncirkus and Nahcivan (2020) observe that self-efficacy refers to people’s belief in their ability to implement an action plan, deal with challenges, and make the judgments that make a particular action successful. Mamaril et al (2016) and Liu et al (2020) indicated that self-efficacy is an individual’s conjecture and judgment of whether they have the ability to complete a certain behavior, which can reflect the individual’s belief in taking appropriate action to address environmental challenges.…”

“…However, since self-efficacy is a kind of behavioral cognition, a psychological scale to measure personal self-efficacy is needed. A number of different self-efficacy scales have been developed for various fields, such as self-efficacy in the medical field ( Lorig et al, 1989 ; İncirkus and Nahcivan, 2020 ), general self-efficacy scales in the workplace ( Chen et al, 2004 ), self-efficacy scale for engineering education ( Mamaril et al, 2016 ), multi-dimensional self-efficacy scale for adolescents ( Bandura, 1990 ), teacher research self-efficacy scale ( Wester et al, 2019 ), teacher self-efficacy scale for student-oriented teaching ( Kilday et al, 2016 ), college student self-efficacy scale ( Khasawneh et al, 2009 ), and a mathematical self-efficacy energy scale ( Betz and Hackett, 1983 ). Based on the development of education in the high-tech era, the popularization of technology-assisted teaching has led many researchers to study the role of self-efficacy when the Internet or technology is applied to teaching, and develop numerous Internet and technology-related self-efficacy scales, such as the Internet self-efficacy scale ( Hsu and Chiu, 2004 ; Kao et al, 2011 ), the computer ethical self-efficacy scale ( Kuo and Hsu, 2001 ), and the Internet ethical self-efficacy scale ( Williamson et al, 2011 ).…”

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“…Öz yeterliliğin değerlendirilmesi için geliştirilen ölçek çalışmalarından bazıları kronik hastalık yönetimi, günlük yaşam aktivitelerinin yönetimi, tedavi yönetimi, semptom yönetimi, belirli bir hastalığın yönetimi gibi konuları ele almaktadır (16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23). Ülkemizde geçerlik güvenirlik aşamalarına uygun şekilde yapılan çalışmalarla bu ölçeklerden bazıları Türkçe literatüre kazandırılmıştır (24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29).…”