Validity of cross-spectrum PN measurement

Poddar, Ajay K.; Rohde, Ulrich L.; Rubiola, Enrico; Hoffmann, Karl-Heinz

doi:10.1109/fcs.2016.7546716

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…Metamaterials are both nonlinear and dispersive, which adds complexity to the problem. In another occasion [36] we observed that multiple and physically separated tuning diodes connected to negative-index resonator yield a reduction in noise, as compared to the single tuning diode -which is of course larger in order to provide equivalent range. A possible explanation could be that evanescent-mode EM coupling between the diodes lowers the noise.…”

Section: Experiments Related To Metamaterials Filtersmentioning

confidence: 91%

Cross-Spectrum PM Noise Measurement, Thermal Energy, and Metamaterial Filters

Gruson

Giordano

Rohde

et al. 2017

IEEE Trans. Ultrason., Ferroelect., Freq. Contr.

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Virtually all commercial instruments for the measurement of the oscillator PM noise make use of the cross-spectrum method (arXiv:1004.5539 [physics.ins-det], 2010). High sensitivity is achieved by correlation and averaging on two equal channels, which measure the same input, and reject the background of the instrument. We show that a systematic error is always present if the thermal energy of the input power splitter is not accounted for. Such error can result in noise underestimation up to a few decibels in the lowest-noise quartz oscillators, and in an invalid measurement in the case of cryogenic oscillators. As another alarming fact, the presence of metamaterial components in the oscillator results in unpredictable behavior and large errors, even in well controlled experimental conditions. We observed a spread of 40 dB in the phase noise spectra of an oscillator, just replacing the output filter.

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Section: Experiments Related To Metamaterials Filtersmentioning

confidence: 91%