Validity of reported energy expenditure and reported intake of energy, protein, sodium and potassium in rheumatoid arthritis patients in a dietary intervention study

Abstract

Objectives: The aim of the study was to validate a diet history interview (DHI) method and a 3-day activity registration (AR) with biological markers. Subjects and study design: The reported dietary intake of 33 rheumatoid arthritis patients (17 patients on a Mediterraneantype diet and 16 patients on a control diet) participating in a dietary intervention study was assessed using the DHI method. The total energy expenditure (TEE), estimated by a 3-day AR, was used to validate the energy intake (EI). For nine subjects the activity registration was also validated by means of the doubly labelled water (DLW) method. The excretion of nitrogen, sodium and potassium in 24-h urine samples was used to validate the intake of protein, sodium and potassium. Results: There was no significant difference between the EI and the TEE estimated by the activity registration or between the intake of protein, sodium and potassium and their respective biological markers. However, in general, the AR underestimated the TEE compared to the DLW method. No significant differences were found between the subjects in the Mediterranean diet group and the control diet group regarding the relationship between the reported intakes and the biological markers. Conclusion: The DHI could capture the dietary intake fairly well, and the dietary assessment was not biased by the dietary intervention. The AR showed a bias towards underestimation when compared to the DLW method. This illustrates the importance of valid biological markers.

Intake of household salt in a Danish population

“…This was in line with Hagfors et al (2005) who did not find a difference between salt intake, determined from a dietary history interview and 24-h urine samples, whereas Reinivuo et al (2006) found a lower intake of salt, determined from a 48-h dietary recall rather than from 24-h urine samples, in women but not in men. Total salt intake determined from 24-h urinary excretion of sodium in the present study was close to the values found in Holland (10.1 and 7.7 g salt per day for men and women, respectively) and slightly higher than results from Germany (9.7 and 6.7 g salt per day in men and women, respectively) (Joossens et al, 1996).…”

Physical Activity in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Systematic Review

“…Four of the studies 10,43,47,48 in the review used objective measurement tools while the remaining 12 used only subjective outcome measures. The use of differing measurement tools leads to greatly differing output styles also.…”

“…The use of differing measurement tools leads to greatly differing output styles also. They include kJ/day, 10 hrs/week, 49 hrs/day, 42 mins/ day, 42,49 MJ/day, 47 kcals/week, 41 mins/week, 45,50 kcals/ day, 48 METmin per week 51 and METhours/day, 52 as well as exercise level, 38 physical activity level, 47 sum score of outcome measure, 44,46 meeting of national recommendations, 50 daily average number of steps, 48 number of steps taken, 43 vigor of steps, 43 time spent standing, 43 total energy in arbitrary units, 43 participation in activity domains, 39 and % in different physical activity categories. 40 …”

Suboptimal Intake of Nutrients after Esophagectomy with Gastric Tube Reconstruction

“…An average intake for the 3 reported days before the follow-up assessment was calculated for each nutrient. Because dietary self-reporting is prone to error, [43][44][45][46] a margin of 10% below the recommendations and Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs) was used to define suboptimal intake.…”