Validity of Using Only Primary Protons in Van Allen Belt and Solar-Flare Proton Shielding Studies.

Santoro, R.T.; Alsmiller, Jr.; Barish, J.

doi:10.2172/4624427

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“…For soft spectra, the small amount of neutron energy distributed exponentially becomes prominent at large depths, but at a level many orders of magnitude lower in dose. For hard spectra, the doses calculated with our approximations for nuclear-interaction effects cam become larger than those without, which does not conform with the results in reference [12] and implies a failure of our simple approximations (see footnote 3 and Fig. 5).…”

Section: Proton Componentcontrasting

confidence: 62%

“…The original SHIELDOSE calculations ignored effects of nuclear interactions, i.e., the attenuation of the primary proton beam and the production and transport of nuclear-reaction products. Earlier work by Santoro et al [12] indicated that the neglect of such effects tended to give conservative (somewhat higher) dose estimates, and that the differences can be significant, perhaps as large as 30-40% for hard proton spectra and shield thicknesses of 50 g/cm . It is difficult to develop guidelines based on such essentially anecdotal findings, so it was considered worthwhile to incorporate in the new code an approximate model of nuclear interactions to provide at least a crude estimate of the effects.…”

Section: Proton Componentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Updated calculations for routine space-shielding radiation dose estimates:

1994

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New, more-extensive, depth-dose distributions for electrons, electron-bremsstrahlung, and protons have been calculated, based on improvements in cross-section information since the development of the original SHIELDOSE code. The new database covers incident electron energies from 5 keV to 50 MeV, with the bremsstrahlung tail calculated for depths out to 50 g/cm 2 , and incident proton energies from 10 keV to 10 GeV. Effects of nuclear interactions on proton depth-dose distributions in aluminum shields have been estimated, and options are provided to include these approximations in test calculations. In addition to the absorbed dose in aluminum, the dose in small volumes of graphite. Si, air, bone, CaF 2 , GaAs, LiF, Si0 2 , tissue or water can be evaluated. The functionality of new code is much the same as the old code; however, the resultant dose estimates as a function of depth in aluminum spacecraft can be somewhat different. Through the use of a companion code based on approximate transformations, results can be extended beyond the dose as a function of depth in plane slabs and at centers of solid spheres to include the dose at off-center points in a solid sphere and at the inner surface of spherical shells.

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Section: Proton Componentcontrasting

confidence: 62%

Section: Proton Componentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Updated calculations for routine space-shielding radiation dose estimates:

1994

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Validity of Using Only Primary Protons in Van Allen Belt and Solar-Flare Proton Shielding Studies.

Cited by 1 publication

References 0 publications

Updated calculations for routine space-shielding radiation dose estimates:

Updated calculations for routine space-shielding radiation dose estimates:

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