Valoración económica de los servicios ambientales de la cuenca del río Coata, Puno-Perú

Abstract

El objetivo fue de valorar económicamente los servicios ambientales de la cuenca del río Coata; así mismo, determinar la disponibilidad a pagar por la mejora de los servicios ambientales e identificar las variables socio-económicas que determinan la disposición a pagar. Se aplicó el método de valoración contingente y modelo econométrico logit binomial, con una muestra de 369 hogares que viven alrededor de la cuenca, para esto se utilizó la técnica de recolección de datos de fuente primaria y como instrumento se utilizó la encuesta, sobre la población que radica en la cuenca, utilizando los paquetes estadísticos SPSS 25.0 y Stata 16.0 para la estimación y contraste de hipótesis. Se determinó que el valor económico de la DAP asciende a 4.88 soles mensuales, por lo que evidencia la existencia de una plena disponibilidad a pagar por parte de las familias que habitan en las cercanías de la cuenca del río. Finalmente, la DAP es explicado por la edad en 2.77%, la educación en 3.1%, la frecuencia de uso del servicio ambiental en 2.3% y distancia al río en 2.3%.

Economic valuation of the ecosystem of the high Andean hydrographic basin tributary of the Chumbao River, through multicriteria analysis

“…In this context, the economic valuation of the ecosystem of the high andean water basins is still scarce and those that were reported are valued with traditional methods, which in general do not contain all the intangible aspects of natural resources; in the case of the monetary valuation of the Coata river basin in Puno determined the amount of 45 935.44 nuevos soles per month and 551 225.28 nuevos soles annually, using the method of disposition to pay (DTP), in that estimation the variables that influenced this amount was when the person or head of family as his age increased, were more willing to make the payment (increased by 2.77%), the same happened, when the person has a higher degree of education or instruction the probability of DTP increased by 3.1%; on the other hand, the greater the usufruct of ecosystem services, the value of EPD decreased by 2.3%. Thus, these values express the degree of environmental insensitivity (Quispe-Mamani et al, 2021); in this environment we consider it essential to intensify actions to disseminate environmental education to achieve social empowerment about the usufruct of nature and conservation of the ecosystem functions of the basins (Iwan et al, 2017). In the case of the valuation of the wetland of the padres Lagoon in Argentina, the monetary quantification of ecosystem services was carried out using the technique of production costs referred to the availability of water, where it was estimated at 138 million pesos per year, equivalent to 4.6% of the municipal budget of Padres in Argentina for fiscal year 2014; this value when compared with other municipal investments, such as the education sector and health, investments were allocated up to 28.0% and 21.23% of the total budget of the municipality, respectively; so it is evident that the environment sector is relegated to the health and education sectors; in that sense, it gives us to understand that the people residing in the municipality of Padres still do not perceive that nature plays the fundamental role in the development of a society (Iwan et al, 2017).…”