Valoración Nutricional Con La Situación Funcional Tras Sufrir Un Ictus.

Abstract

Palabras clave:Ictus. Mini Nutritional Assessment. Malnutrición. Dependencia. ResumenObjetivo: valorar el estado nutricional (EN) del paciente a los tres meses de sufrir un ictus y establecer la relación del EN con la recuperación funcional y las complicaciones en este periodo. Material y métodos: estudio observacional y transversal que evaluó el EN de pacientes mayores de 65 años a los tres meses de presentar un ictus. El EN se valoró mediante el Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA). Se recogieron datos sociodemográficos, antropométricos, factores de riesgo cardiovascular, así como el estado funcional (mediante el índice de Barthel y la escala de Rankin modificada) y las complicaciones presentadas. Resultados: incluimos 103 pacientes, con edad media de 75,81 (± 6,73) años. La puntuación en el MNA fue de 23,13 puntos (± 4,47); el 8,2% presentaba malnutrición y el 38,1%, riesgo de malnutrición. No se observaron diferencias en el EN entre mujeres y hombres (p = 0,076) ni relación del EN con la edad. El estado nutricional deficitario se asoció a peor situación funcional (r = 0,608; p < 0,001), al desarrollo de complicaciones (infección urinaria y fiebre) (p = 0,044) y a la disfagia (p = 0,014). Además, aquellos pacientes con mejor EN presentaban mejor calidad de vida (r = 0,506; p < 0,001). También se relacionó con peor nivel socioeconómico (p = 0,020) y mayor institucionalización en centros sociosanitarios (p = 0,004). Conclusiones: el riesgo de desnutrición a corto plazo es frecuente en los supervivientes a un ictus. Este EN se asocia con una peor situación funcional y calidad de vida autopercibida y mayor tasa de complicaciones. Es fundamental detectar precozmente el riesgo de desnutrición en pacientes que han sufrido un ictus. Key words:Stroke. Mini Nutritional Assessment. Malnutrition. Disability. AbstractObjective: To assess the nutritional status (NS) of patients at three months of suffering a stroke, and to establish the relationship between functional recovery and complications in this period. Material and methods: A cross-sectional observational study evaluating the NS of patients older than 65 years at three months of having a stroke. The NS was assessed using the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA). Sociodemographic and anthropometric data, cardiovascular risk factors, as well as functional status (through the Barthel index and the modified Rankin scale) and the presented complications were collected. Results: One hundred and three patients were included, with a medium age of 75.81 (± 6.73). The MNA score was 23.13 points (± 4.47); 8.2% had malnutrition and 38.1% had risk of malnutrition. There were no differences in the NS between women and men (p = 0.076) neither relation of the NS with age. NS deficiency was associated with poorer function (r = 0.608; p < 0.001), the development of complications (urinary tract infection and fever) (p = 0.044) and dysphagia (p = 0.014). In addition, those patients with better nutritional status had a better quality of life (r = 0.506; p < 0.001). It was also associated wit...

Effect of an Oral Health Programme on Oral Health, Oral Intake, and Nutrition in Patients with Stroke and Dysphagia in Taiwan: A Randomised Controlled Trial

“…At T1, 42 subjects (28 subjects ≥65 years old and 14 subjects <65 years old) were at high risk of malnutrition (63.6%). The results of this study are similar to those of previous studies [3,41]. Malnutrition is associated with dysphagia.…”

Prevalence and Predictors of Malnutrition Risk among Post-Stroke Patients in Outpatient Setting: A Cross-Sectional Study

“…The present study showed that 40% of post-stroke patients were at a high risk of malnutrition, a finding similar to that reported by previous studies in Spain (46%) and France (48%) ( 19 , 22 ). Yet, it was much lower than the 84% to 91% prevalence in two Korean studies ( 17 – 18 ).…”

“…Further, the present study showed socioeconomic status determinants such as income, education, and employment status to be associated with increased odds of malnutrition risk, similar to the findings of a study in Spain ( 22 ). However, only employment status remained significant in the multivariate logistic analysis.…”

“…Therefore, they may have better functional status and independence as compared to those who are unable to work. Functional status has been significantly associated with the risk of malnutrition in previous studies ( 17 , 22 ).…”

“…Moreover, most of the literature has specifically focused on elderly stroke population ( 9 , 10 , 14 , 18 ). Similarly, publications on dietary intake ( 17 , 20 , 21 ) and predictors of malnutrition risk ( 19 , 22 , 23 ) among post-stroke patients after discharge are scarce. Therefore, the present study examined the prevalence and predictors of malnutrition risk among post-stroke patients attending outpatient clinics.…”